Clearing the Smoke Assessing the Science Base for Tobacco Harm Reduction (2001) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 231-242
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 231... ...
and bupropion, while modified tobacco products include products with modified tobacco and those with modified delivery systems. Having identified conceptual and operating precepts as stated at the end of Chapter 1, the committee concludes that there can be a successful, scientifically-based harm reduction program that is justifiable and feasible but only if implemented carefully and effectively and only if: manufacturers have the necessary incentive to develop and market products that reduce exposure to tobacco toxicants and that have a reasonable prospect of reducing the risk of tobacco-related disease; consumers are fully and accurately informed of all of the known, unknown, likely, and potential consequences of using these products; 231
|
From page 232... ...
For many diseases attributable to tobacco use, reducing risk of disease by reducing exposure to tobacco toxicants is feasible. This conclusion is based on studies demonstrating that for many diseases, reducing tobacco smoke exposure can result in decreased disease incidence with complete abstinence providing the greatest benefit.
|
From page 233... ...
Currently available PREPs have been or could be demonstrated to reduce exposure to some of the toxicants in most conventional tobacco products. There are many techniques to assess exposure reduction, but the report contains many caveats about the use of all of them, including usually an unknown predictive power for harm.
|
From page 234... ...
. Furthermore, there are insufficient data to allow scientific judgement or prediction of the health effects of removal of one class of chemicals from tobacco products.
|
From page 235... ...
That will lead to less harm reduction for a population (as well as less risk reduction for that individual) than would occur without the PREP, and possibly to an adverse effect on the population.
|
From page 236... ...
Hazard identification is inherent in the first question of the committee's charge, Does the product decrease exposure to the harmful substances in tobacco? The principal conclusions that harm reduction is feasible and that exposure reduction can be demonstrated require identification of the toxicants within or produced by use of the PREP.
|
From page 239... ...
The questions also assure that regulation, a risk-management tool for tobacco harm reduction proposed by this committee, is based on and informed by the risk assessment process. Questions might include: · Which of the thousand known tobacco-related toxicants are most important to consider in the assessment of risk?
|
From page 240... ...
· Are there parties responsible for assessing and assuring harm reduction outside this regulatory agency? And if so, are the boundaries of risk-management responsibility and authority clear to all parties?
|
From page 241... ...
Section I' Evidence for the Science Base
|
From page 242... ...
. The most common type of cancer attributable to smokeless tobacco is oral squamous cell carcinoma, but verrucous carcinoma has also been reported (Connolly et al., 1986)
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.