Informing the Future Critical Issues in Health (2000) / Chapter Skim
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From page 5... ...
To Err Is Human argues for a comprehensive approach to improve patient safety. It does not focus on a single solution because there is no "magic bullet" that will reduce errors; and, indeed, no single recommendation in the report should be considered as the answer.
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On December 7, 1999, President Clinton signed an executive order inaugurating a major federal ~n~tiative to improve patient safety in federally funded health care programs. The Agency for Health Care Research and Quality has developed a research agenda for patient safety and awarded several grants In FY 2000 to improve understanding about how to prevent errors.
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At the local level, health care organizations Took for new ways to improve safety within their own institutions, with hospitals particularly focused on improving medication safety as a starting point. Media coverage on television, radio, arid in newspapers and magazines has alerted consumers to the actions they can take to improve the safety of the care they receive by asking questions and staying informed.
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The FY 2001 appropna~cions bill for Me Department of The CDC has indicated that the report provides an excellent blueprint to guide its state grant award system in the future. Health arid Human Services (DHHS)
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In addition, funding for research and training programs to meet the specific needs of ethnic minority communities appeared insufficient to address the unequal burden of cancer. The report's recommendations included suggestions that NCT expand surveillance programs to provide a more complete understanding of the burden of cancer among ethnic minority and medically ur~dersenred populations, provide greater authority and funding to the NCT Office of Special Populations Research, expand behavioral and social science research regarding cancer risk factors and population-based intervention strategies, and increase public participation in the NIH research pnonty-setting process.
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In addition, NCI's National Cancer Advisory Board has reviewed NCT funding of research and training programs relevant to minonty and medically underserved populations and has recommended several changes in the institute's accounting procedures to provide more accurate infonnation regarding limping for these programs. Benefits Coverage: Extending Medicare Reimbursement in Clinical Trials The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 directed the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA)
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Over the past 20 years, the Healthy People agenda has grown Tom 15 strategies supporting five primary health goals to approximately 1,000 health objectives. The DWIS, the agency responsible for implementing the agenda, asked the TOM to develop a set of leading indicators to engage the public's attention and motivate actions at the individual arid community levels in a small number of health objectives.
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Ensuring Quality Cancer Care The National Cancer Policy Board reviewed evidence on He quality of cancer care, from early detection to end-of-life care, and concluded that many individuals with cancer do not receive care Imown to be effective for their condition. :~ the report, Ensuring Qualify Cancer Care, the Board outlined steps that could be taken to improve quality, highlight~ng the need for accountability systems to ensure the translation of re12
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From page 13... ...
The resulting report presented two major recommendations: change federal food statutes to foster and enhance science-based strategies for food safety; and invest In one individual, who should report to a cabinet-level federal official or to the president, the statutory responsibility arid budgetary authority to coordinate federal food safety efforts arid speak on food safety issues. Immediately following the release of the report, the president appointed a federal Food Safety Council, composed of the Secretanes of Health arid Human Services and of Agnculture, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, arid He Director of the Of floe of Science and Technology Policy of He White House.
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From page 14... ...
The reports also concluded that there is limited/suggestive evidence of an association for six classes of diseases, three cancers respiratory (larynx, lung—bronchus, and trachea) car~cer, prostrate cancer, and multiple myeloma and three other health outcomes—spine bifida in children of veterans, acute and subacute penpheral neuropathy, and porphyria cutarlea tarda.
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Two subsequent reports HIV Screening of Pregnant Women and Newborns (1991) arid Reducing the Odds: Preventing Perinatal Transmission of HIV in the United States (1999—were influential in fostering a dialogue and cntical examination of perinatal HIVscreening policies and have provided guidance to federal agencies, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and to states in developing policies for HIV counseling and testing of pregnant women.
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From page 16... ...
. Reform Medicare Laboratory Payment: Medicare payments for outpatient clinical laboratory services should be based on a single, rational, national fee schedule.
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