Frontiers of Engineering Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering From the 2000 NAE Symposium on Frontiers in Engineering (2001) / Chapter Skim
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From Clusters to Automobiles: Processing and Applications of Granular Nanomaterials
From Clusters to Automobiles: Processing and Applications of Granular Nanomaterials
Pages 81-88
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From page 83... ...
It is currently speculated that the assembly of nanometer-size particles into larger building blocks that eventually exhibit gravitational forces is the basic mechanism of planet formation in the proximity of newly formed stars. On Earth, scientists have been attracted to clusters consisting of a few to a few hundred atoms because of the interesting physical and chemical properties that are dominated by quantum-size effects.
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From page 84... ...
The materials are not limited to clusters, nor are the applications restricted to automobiles, but include all classes of nanostructured materials mentioned above and apply as well to such application areas as UV protection, catalysis, hard disks, magnetoelectronic devices, and many more, demonstrating the enormous potential of the design of materials on the nanometer scale. Gas phase processes provide a convenient and versatile way to prepare materials, with excellent control of the microstructure starting from an atomic level.
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From page 85... ...
The change of the resistance as a function of the applied magnetic field is shown in Figure 1. After the initial discovery of the GMR effect, other structures exhibiting insulating interlayers instead of the nonferromagnetic metals and spin valves with only a few nonperiodic layers have shown comparable resistance effects.
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From page 87... ...
In Figure 2 the opportunities of the CVS method are schematically shown for the case of oxide nanoparticles consisting of several cations. The different elemental distribution (doped nanoparticles, binary mixtures on the nanometer scale of two different oxide nanoparticles, and coated/ surface functionalized nanoparticles)
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From page 88... ...
From the calculation it is determined that ZrO2 nanoparticles will agglomerate into larger particles, whereas A12O3 nanoparticles will exhibit a total repulsive force. As can be seen from Figure 3, the experimental particle size distribution for A12O3 confirms the theoretical calculation.
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