Research Opportunities for Deactivating and Decommissioning Department of Energy Facilities (2001) / Chapter Skim
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3. Current D&D Science and Technology Programs
3. Current D&D Science and Technology Programs
Pages 33-48
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in November 1989. The mission of the EM program is to bring DOE sites into compliance with all applicable regulations while minimizing risks to the environment and human health and safety posed by cleanup operations.
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at each major DOE-EM site to interact with local contractor personnel and others. Each group includes senior managers from the site DOE office, site contractors, and national laboratory personnel.
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sections of th is report. Source: DOE The Environmental Management Science Program The EMSP is a collaborative partnership among the DOE Office of Science, OST, and the Idaho Operations Officer to sponsor basic environmental and waste-management-related research (see Figure 3.2~.
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. seek new and innovative cleanup methods to replace current conventional approaches which are often costly and ineffective" (DOE, 2000g, pap.
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The first is for scientific merit, and it is conducted by an independent peer review panel under the auspices of the DOE Office of Science. The second is for relevance to EM needs.
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TABLE 3.1 Environmental Management Science Program Projects Project Title Funding Synthesis of New Water-Soluble Metal-Binding Polymers: Combinatorial Chemistry Approach Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Cleaning of Contaminated Surfaces Advanced Sensing and Control Techniques to Facilitate Semi-Autonomous Decommissioning In-Situ Spectro-Electrochemical Studies of Radionuclide Contaminated Surface Films on Metals and the Mechanism of Their Formation and Dissolution Modeling of Diffusion of Plutonium in Other Metals and of Gaseous Species in Plutonium-Based Systems Development of Monitoring and Diagnostic Methods for Robots Used in Remediation of Waste Sites Removal of Radioactive Cations and Anions from Polluted Water Using Ligand-Modified Colloid-Enhanced Ultrafiltration Waste Volume Reduction Using Surface Characterization and Decontamination by Laser Ablation Optimization of Thermochemical, Kinetic, and Electrochemical Factors Governing Partitioning of Radionuclides: Melt Decontamination of Radioactively Contaminated Stainless Steel Micelle Formation and Surface Interactions in Supercritical CO2: Fundamental Studies for the Extraction of Actinides from Contaminated Surfaces Decontamination of Radionuclides from Concrete During and AfterThermal Treatment "Green" Biopolymers for Improved Decontamination of Metals from Surfaces: Sorptive Characterization and Costing Properties Improved Decontamination: Interfacial,Transport, and Chemical Properties of Aqueous Surfactant Cleaners Microbially Promoted Solubilization of Steel Corrosion Products and Fate of Associated Actinides Mechanisms of Radionuclide-Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Interactions for Decontamination of Metallic Surfaces Contaminant-Organic Complexes,Their Structure and Energetics in Surface Decontamination Decontamination and Decommissioning of PCB Sites at DOE: Extraction, Electrokinetics,and Hydrothermal Oxidation Metal Ion Analysis Using Near-lnfrared Dyes and the"Laboratory-on-a-Chip" Development of Novel, Simple Multianalyte Sensors for Remote Environmental Analysis Real-Time Identification and Characterization of Asbestos and Concrete Materials with Radioactive Contamination Three-Dimensional Positron-Sensitive Germanium Detectors Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Cleaning of Contaminated Surfaces $ 1 ,1 20,000 $1,21 2,001 $870,733 $ 1 ,005,000 $435,000 $402,782 $538,997 $789,999 $ 1 ,200,000 $960,000 $81 5,720 $900,000 $570,000 $ 1 ,406,000 $ 1 ,1 50,000 $ 1 ,241 ,950 $979,808 $470,770 $650,000 $599,687 $750,000 n/a The D&D Focus Area OST has organized five focus areas to ensure that its efforts efficiently address EM's most urgent technology needs. These include: · deactivation and decomm ission i ng, high-level waste tanks, subsurface contaminants R E S E A R C H O P P O R T U N ~ T ~ E S F O R D & D 38
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In addition to the buildings themselves, the task will include decontamination of the metal and concrete within those buildings and disposal of some 180,000 metric tons of scrap metal and over 27 million tons of concrete Most presentations to the committee during its site visits expressed the view that for the D&D task, unlike tasks addressed by the other focus areas, sufficient baseline technologies exist that there are no substantial technology gaps. However, EM also understands that many baseline D&D technologies are labor intensive, time consuming, expensive, and involve major risks of worker exposure to radioactive and other hazardous materials.
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The Electric Power Research Institute, for example, has a decommissioning technology and planning program. Both the Environmental Protection Agency and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission have regulatory responsibilities that pertain to facility D&D.
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NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (USNRC) Available at: www.nrc.gov Nuclear Facilities Decommissioning Program USNRC regulatory and oversight activities include decommissioning,which involves safely removing a facility from service and reducing residual radioactivity to a level that permits the property to be released.This action is to be taken by a licensee before termination of the license.
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Polymer Polymeric materials are of critical importance to the Army for soldier protection and materiel.This program supports molecular-level polymer research leading to new polymeric materials that are chemical resistant, have selective permeability, are resistant to environmental changes, and have reduced weight with increased strength. Research areas of current interest include synthesis of new polymers, molecular property studies, computational modeling, self assembly, molecular architecture, and dendritic molecules.
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Mathematical and Computer Sciences Division Applied Analysis The Applied Analysis Program supports Army needs in mathematical modeling and analysis for advanced solid materials, soil and granular materials,fluid flow including reactive flow, photonic bandgap materials, nonlinear dynamics and inverse scattering. Advanced Solid Materials The Advanced Solid Materials Program supports mathematical research oriented toward optimizing properties or performance characteristics of highly nonlinear materials, including advanced composites for armor and "smart" materials for sensors.
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Exposure to these agents may result directly from their use during Air Force operations and maintenance and, in the case of chemicals, may also occur indirectly as a result of leaky storage containers,for example,that contaminate waste streams,groundwater,and soil.To protect humans and maintain safe working environments,the Air Force supports basic research that endeavors to understand how these agents may interact with biological systems at the subcellular and molecular levels to produce toxic effects. Computational Mathematics This program aims to develop improved mathematical methods and algorithms that exploit advanced computational capabilities, in support of Air Force scientific computing interests.
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Materials Science and Technology Division Coatings, Corrosion, and Oxidation This task develops corrosion control approaches founded on the use of new materials, new coatings, passive films, and resistance to environment-induced cracking. Tribology andAdhesion Science and Technology The objective of this task is to increase the understanding of tribological mechanisms and to develop adhesion technology to enable a broader application of advanced structural and specialty materials.
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SERDP is improving mission readiness through environmental research by accelerating cost-effective cleanup of contaminated defense sites;facilitating full compliance with environmental laws and regulations;enhancing training,testing,and operational readiness through prudent conservation measures; and reducing defense industrial waste streams through aggressive pollution prevention. Within its broad areas of interest, SERDP focuses on DOD needs in four thrust areas: Cleanup, Compliance, Conservation, and Pollution Prevention technologies.
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programs on the decommissioning of nuclear facilities.4 The main objective of these programs has been to establish a scientific basis for the safe, socially acceptable, and economically affordable decommissioning of obsolete or redundant nuclear facilities. These European Union-wide programs were partially or totally funded by the EC under its five-year framework programs.
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This agreement is the most comprehensive international information exchange about D&D technologies and progress in related areas. Information exchanges require a confidentiality agreement so that true state-of-the-art or propriety technologies can be disclosed.
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