International Role of U.S. Geoscience (1987) / Chapter Skim
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3 International Geoscience Activities in U.S. Economic Interests
3 International Geoscience Activities in U.S. Economic Interests
Pages 16-27
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From page 16... ...
Geoscientists have stimulated American exports through the strengthening of foreign resources programs, institutions, and industries requiring U.S. goods and services and have opened channels of communication with resource agencies in host countries.
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From page 17... ...
dependence on foreign raw materials and markets, but also because of increased competition from other industrialized countries, rising costs, greater risks of achieving successful foreign raw material exploration and production, increased demands and astuteness of producing countries, and broader diversification of the U.S. worldwide economic interests.
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From page 18... ...
ARAMCO held 100 percent ownership of the oil within the concession and paid a per ton extraction royalty until 1950, when Saudi Arabia decreed an income tax levy. This basic arrangement continued into the 1970s, modified by numerous renegotiations regarding the profits division between ARAMCO and the government of Saudia Arabia, resulting
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From page 19... ...
geoscience activities abroad removes a viable vehicle that could improve our overseas image and provide new cooperative arrangements beneficial to private industry. Of particular concern is the current low level of U.S.
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From page 20... ...
Major mineral districts and sedimentary basins were mapped and evaluated for raw materials. Such activity, together with the development of counterpart resource institutions and programs in host nations, benefited the American economy in terms of identifying sources of raw materials, leasing and investment opportunities, and needs for contractual services.
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From page 21... ...
The United States needs a more comprehensive, centralized, and readily accessible library and information system for foreign maps and documents, along with an integrated data center dedicated to international geoscience activities. Landsat data that can partially fill this gap have become too expensive for many potential users.
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From page 22... ...
jurisdiction over offshore resources, which should expand plans to assess American seabed resources. Past ocean drilling and geophysical research programs, together with offshore surveys by oil and mining companies, might indicate that U.S.
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From page 23... ...
In the Antarctic, there is an even greater need for intensive geoscience programs because of the larger areas and multinational interests involved. The United States has continued a long-range program of topographic mapping of Antarctica for many years, which has included resource, stratigraphic, structural, paleomagnetic, and geophysical studies.
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From page 24... ...
This leadership resulted in large part from the earth resources (Landsat) satellites; from a well-coordinated program of research on remote sensing applications, including lunar and planetary investigations; from experimental satellites, such as Seasat; and from establishment of a highly efficient worldwide satellite data reception, processing, distribution, and training network.
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From page 25... ...
This is partly a result of aggressive international competition from other industrialized countries, such as the French SPOT and European Space Agency ERS satellite systems, a forthcoming international Japanese resources satellite system, and the Netherlands remote sensing training programs. But in part the weakening of American research satellite programs and applications is due to our increasing emphasis on the military use of remote sensing equipment.
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From page 26... ...
business and foreign resources agencies. Other industrial nations, especially Japan, the Federal Republic of Germany, and France, are aggressively moving in this direction, realizing that geoscience programs abroad can have far-reaching economic benefits for them, as well as for host countries.
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From page 27... ...
Existing and past U.S. geoscience activities should be viewed as bases for strengthening our geoscience programs abroad to meet a growing need in all these categories.
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