Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup at Hanford (2001) / Chapter Skim
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5 Inventory Technical Element
5 Inventory Technical Element
Pages 66-78
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From page 66... ...
There are more than a dozen databases maintained by the Hanford Site and a large number of Hanford Site documents that contain chemical and radionuclide inventory information. The primary inventoryrelated databases include the following: The Waste Inventory Data System (WIDS)
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From page 67... ...
report stated that "an important component of a long-term commitment to remediating the single-shell tanks at the Hanford Site is an adequate understanding of the ... extent to which the soil and ground water beneath the tank farms have been contaminated.
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From page 68... ...
68 Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup ion.~o,r,'m.,QI' ~ :i ~:'~s's~' 'A ' ''~'t It ' ''''at'n'f'''l-'Q'~:~'''-"':' . ~th.e.,t.m,n,sfer,o,,.f.eleckon.
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From page 69... ...
DOE has recognized the significance of the lack of characterization in the statement of needs for the Groundwater/ Vadose Zone Project: "Currently, information on contaminant distribution, physical association, and chemical form in the vaclose zone ... is not adequate to forecast whether future breakthrough to groundwater will occur' (DOE, 2000a, p.
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From page 70... ...
70 Science and Technology for Environmenfal Cleanup . :S:I.DE"R 5.2 ~Do Co~llo.ids.Tr2a:'n.s'~:~.:-C2anta" '''i-' ' " t' ' ''' ' ""''-".~'- ~'- '': ''"' olloics are collections o s ~ :pa Icles ha e~as e from ~appro' irriately ~ nanome~i.ia~m~cmme~to~ meters)
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From page 71... ...
S&T4si ipp~rted research on the role OF colloids in contaminant ton ~ slulcinoooeration;s Ii o I t ill - and release coil id 1 -- ~and the's tons Crouch the su-bsu~ce mav~b-e-~a-tshlle tome ~r logging; push-in tools are being used for characterization at shallow levels; laboratory studies have been conducted on the chemistry of contaminants under specific conditions; and there is an ongoing effort to acquire additional characterization data by drilling new boreholes in the tank farms, as well as by geophysical logging of existing tank farm boreholes (DOE, 1 999b)
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From page 72... ...
The two projects planned under this activity (Inv-15 to Inv-16) are intended to model contaminant releases from various solid waste burial sites and iodine-129 "scrubber saddles."6 These models will be used by the SAC to predict future contaminant releases at these sites.
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From page 73... ...
dollars) Unplanned releases 3 Soil site waste 7 inventor Estimate volumes and 1999-2000 Oa waste compositions of unplanned releases from tanks containing three classes of waste: boiling waste, dilute waste, and concentrated waste Provide a methodology 1999-2001 710 and preliminary estimates of contaminant inventories for several types of intentional and unplanned discharges to soil in the 200 Area o Models for 4 Develop 2000 190 0 selected methodologies to contaminants describe Me distribution of Tc-99, H-3, and 1-129 in site waste streams Release models 2 Develop release 2000-2001 160b 0 models for residual contamination from various waste sees River source 4 Determine the 2001 195b 0 term inventories of Cr.
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From page 74... ...
The plutonium production process at Hanford consumed large quantities of uranium metal, acids, solvents, and other chemicals and produced waste streams containing dozens of radionuclides and chemical species. The quantities of uranium metal and chemicals used in processing operations can be estimated from procurement records, and the radionuclide and chemical outputs can be estimated from various process models.
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From page 75... ...
Although the shallowwell studies have provided valuable data on radionuclide distributions beneath some of the tank farms, contamination extends below or laterally to the wells in many cases. The Integration Project has acknowledged this problem, citing multiple instances in which contamination was found to extend as far as the bottom of these shallow wells in the AX, BX, BY, SX, TY, and U Tank Farms (DOE, 1998a, p.
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From page 76... ...
Since the development of cost-effective methods would likely find wide application across the DOE complex, much of the needed S&T work 9As noted in Chapter 3, the Integration Project refers to these piggybacking activities as Wrap-around science." '°The committee recognizes that it is not the responsibility of the Integration Project's S&T program to do subsurface characterization at the Hanford Site. Nevertheless, the committee believes that this characterization work must be done if site remediation decisions are to have sound technical and risk bases.
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From page 77... ...
The amounts and locations of carbon tetrachloride in the vadose zone and groundwater are important and unresolved issues. The selection of remediation options and the effectiveness of recharge controls to keep the contamination from spreading clepend to a great extent on the location of contaminant source terms in the subsurface.
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From page 78... ...
Sconce and ~chno~ far amend Bags pan 10 detecitheex~tenceofpure phaseslntheg~Dundwaterand vadosezone.Th~ p~ncou~ bsusedbythecoreprograms Wee Chaptered 10 dothe~otuaicha~eMzsdon work.
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