Biographical Memoirs Volume 80 (2001) / Chapter Skim
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Richard Stockton MacNeish
Richard Stockton MacNeish
Pages 200-225
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of six clecacles, MacNeish supplier! us with enormous quantities of ciata en cl clevelopecl new ways of thinking about how Native Americans livecl cluring thousands of years of nomadic foraging.
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Canyon, with Watson Smith at Black Mesa, en cl with George Brainercl at two sites: a Basketmaker III pithouse en cl Swallow Nest Cave. MacNeish was imprinter!
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The horizontal scraping techniques by which he found postmolds and earthen floors were to be aciaptecl 10 years later at Panuco, Veracruz, where he became the first to fins! postmoicis from a Formative Mesoamerican house.
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felt that Scotty MacNeish was just the sort of little troublemaker to clo the job. What is more, I agreed with him.
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Recalling the way Brainercl hacl stripped off living floors with a trowel at Swallow Nest Cave in 193S, MacNeish switcher! to this method at Diablo Cave.
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. BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS At the urging of Gordon Ekholm of the American Museum of Natural History, MacNeish took a brief detour in 1948 from his Tamaulipas excavations to the Gulf coastal plain of northern Mexico.
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MacNeish's excavations in the Sierra cle Tamaulipas hacl pushed maize agriculture back to 2500 B.C., but he sensed that earlier corncobs were out there somewhere. Encouragecl by botanist Paul Mangelsclorf of Harvard, MacNeish turned to the Sierra Macire near Ocampo in southwest TamauTipas.
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to have bush pilots drop 50-gallon drums of foocl at critical lancimarks along his route. He en cl his Inuit assistants wouIcl then hike from foocl drop to foot!
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in 1959 to survey on foot a 600-mile stretch of the Firth River, accompanied by a few Inuit assistants. This trip produced only 24 archaeological sites, but twice that many goof!
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built! on the work of Frederick Johnson of the R
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Peterson of the New WorIcl Archaeological Foundation, he tested the Santa Marta Rockshelter near OcozocoautIa, in the Grijalva River depression of Chiapas. This was a huge shelter with five preceramic levels covering the period from 7000 to 3500 B.C.
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Richard Woodbury and James Neely studied prehistoric irrigation systems, and Kent Flannery, then a graduate student, was hired to identify animal bones from the excavations. MacNeish and his team tested ~ 5 caves, then concentrated on 6 named El Riego, Tecorral, San Marcos, Purron, Abejas, and CoxcatIan.
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From page 213... ...
Marks-aLot en cl approached a lab table covered with protective brown wrapping paper. On the paper he first sketched the seven three-climensional maps of the valley, then went back en cl Flee in the archaeological sites for each moment in time.
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animal domestication in the Ancles, the key wouIcl be to final a highIancl valley aricl enough to have ciry caves. In 1966 MacNeish sought acivice from Ancleanists Frederic Engel, Edward Lanning, Thomas Patterson, and Rogger Ravines, en cl reconnoitered the Peruvian valleys of Huancayo, Huancavelica, the Rio Mantaro, the Rio Pampas, ant!
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The range of environmental zones covered was impressive, en cl the major caves reflected this. The Puente Rockshelter lay at 2582 m in thorny scrub en c!
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Although MacNeish found evidence of a long preceramic sequence, his Belizean sites were shallow open-air localities, unlike the ciry caves where he had desiccated plants plus deep stratigraphy. The shallowness of the Belizean sites forcecl him to rely on seriating the artifact types.
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It hacl been 46 years since MacNeish assisted Brainercl at Swallow Nest Cave, en c! he was now really to go back to the Southwest.
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In 1991, sixteen years after bypass surgery hacl thwarted his first attempt to visit China, he was invited to a conference on early agriculture in Jiangxi Province. During a tour of the region, MacNeish was shown many promising caves en cl rockshelters, in 1992 he appliecl for permission to test them.
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in a period MacNeish namecl Xian Ren. Domestic rice clicl not become dominant, however, until 9600-8000 B.P., a time coeval with the advent of cereal agriculture in the Near East.
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Having enclurecl for 82 years despite cancer, heart attacks, a near cirowning in the Ancles, en c! clouble bypass surgery, the seemingly inclestructible Scotty MacNeish was taken from us by acciclent.
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1947 Research Fellow, University of Michigan 1949 Ph.D., University of Chicago 1963 Married Diana Walter (two sons, Richard Roderick and Alexander Stockton) 2001 Died in Belize January 16 HONORARY DOCTORATES 221 1970 Universidad de San Cristobal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru 1980 Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada PROFESSIONAL RECORD 1941-42 Graduate Supervisor, Kincaid Site, Southern Illinois 1944 Archaeological Supervisor, Havana Mounds, Illinois 1947 Archaeological Supervisor, Eastern Pennsylvania 1948 Director, Summer Field School, Wolf Creek Dam, Kentucky 1949-62 Senior Archaeologist, National Museum of Canada 1964-68 Head, Department of Archaeology, University of Calgary, Canada 1969-83 Director, Robert S
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222 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS AWARDS AND HONORS 1944 Sigma Psi, University of Chicago 1963 Huesped Distinguido y Amigo Predilecto de Tehuacan, Mexico 1964 Spinden Medal for Archaeology, Smithsonian Institution 1965 Lucy Wharton Drexel Medal for Archaeological Research, University of Pennsylvania Museum 1966 Addison Emery Verrill Medal, Peabody Museum, Yale University 1967 Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 1970 Alfred Vincent Kidder Medal, American Anthropological Association 1971 President, Society for American Archaeology 1973 Elected to the British Academy 1974 Elected to the National Academy of Sciences 1977 Cornplanter Medal for Iroquois Research, Auburn, New York 1985 Fiftieth Anniversary Award for Outstanding Contributions to American Archaeology, Society for American Archaeology 1996 Award of Recognition, Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, Los Angeles 2000 Fryxell Medal for Interdisciplinary Archaeology, Society for American Archaeology MEMBERSHIPS American Association for the Advancement of Science American Anthropological Association Society for American Archaeology Society of Professional Archaeologists
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128:23-39. 1954 The Pointed Mountain site near Fort Liard, Northwest Territories, Canada.
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The Santa Marta rock shelter, Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, Mexico.
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Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 1986 Preliminary report on archaeological investigations at Tornillo shelter, southern Organ Mountains, New Mexico.
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