Biological Threats and Terrorism Assessing the Science and Response Capabilities: Workshop Summary (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix K: Glossary and Acronyms
Appendix K: Glossary and Acronyms
Pages 275-286
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From page 275... ...
Antimicrobial agents: Class of substances that can destroy or inhibit the growth of pathogenic groups of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Antiphagocytic: Counteracting or opposing phagocytosis, the process by which a cell engulfs particles such as bacteria, aged red blood cells, or foreign matter.
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From page 276... ...
: Specific combinations of work practices, safety equipment, and facilities designed to minimize the exposure of workers and the environment to infectious agents. Biosafety level 1 applies to agents that do not ordinarily cause human disease.
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From page 277... ...
These diseases include: anthrax, botulism, plague, smallpox, tularemia, and viral hemorrhagic fevers. Category B Biological Disease: Second-highest priority agents include those that are moderately easy to disseminate, cause moderate morbidity and low mortality, and require specific enhancements of CDC's diagnostic capacity and enhanced disease surveillance.
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From page 278... ...
DNIs (dominant negative inhibitors) : Mutant forms of the protective antigen that block translocation of the virulence factors across the plasma membrane.
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From page 279... ...
Epi-X (Epidemic Information Exchange) : A system developed by the CDC which enables federal, state, and local epidemiologists, laboratorians, and other members of the public health community to instantly notify colleagues and experts of urgent public health events, review information on outbreaks and unusual health events through an easily searchable database, and rapidly communicate with colleagues through e-mail, Internet, and telecommunications capabilities.
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From page 280... ...
: A project of the CDC intended to ensure communications capacity at all local and state health departments, ensure capacity to receive distance learning offerings from CDC, and ensure capacity to broadcast and receive health alerts at every level. Hemolytic: Referring to hemolysis, the destruction of red blood cells which leads to the release of hemoglobin from within the red blood cells into the blood plasma.
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From page 281... ...
State and county public health agency laboratories with BSL-2 biosafety facilities but which incorporate BSL-3 practices and maintain the proficiency to adequately perform confirmatory testing and characterize drug susceptibility. These laboratories have the ability to rule in specific agents, perform environmental testing and to forward organisms or specimens to higher-level laboratories.
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From page 282... ...
: Its mission is to prevent illness, disability, and death caused by infectious diseases in the United States and around the world. NCID conducts surveillance, epidemic investigations, epidemiological and laboratory research, training, and public education programs to develop, evaluate, and promote prevention and control strategies for infectious diseases.
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From page 283... ...
The network permits rapid comparison of these "fingerprint" patterns through an electronic database at CDC. Push Packages: Caches of pharmaceuticals, antidotes, and medical supplies designed to address a variety of biological or chemical agents.
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: It is the lead medical research laboratory for the U.S. Biological Defense Research Program which conducts research to develop strategies, products, information, procedures, and training programs for medical defense against biological warfare threats and naturally occurring infectious diseases that require special containment.
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From page 285... ...
ACRONYMS ASM: AVA: AVIP: BW: BWC: CFR: CSF: DIC: American Society for Microbiology Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed Anthrax Vaccine Immunization Program biological warfare Biological Weapons Convention Code of Federal Regulations cerebral spinal fluid disseminated intravascular coagulation EMSHG: Emergency Management Strategic Healthcare Group ESSENCE: Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-Based Epidemics GIS: Geographic Information Systems GOCO: government-owned, contractor-operated ICS: Incident Command System JCAHO: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations JVAP: Joint Vaccine Acquisition Program LRN: Laboratory Response Network MAV: Multiagent Vaccines MBDRP: Medical Biological Defense Research Program NDA: New Drug Application NLS: National Laboratory System NVSL: National Veterinary Services Laboratory OTSG: Office of the Army Surgeon General PCR: polymerase chain reaction PFU: plaque forming units PHLS: Public Health Laboratory Service RHA: recombinant human antitoxin RSVP: Rapid Syndrome Validation Project TED: troop equivalent dose VADAR: Virtually Assured Detection and Response
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From page 286... ...
286 BIOLOGICAL THREATS AND TERRORISM VEE: VHA: VIG: vaccinia immune globulin Viral Equine Encephalitis Veterans Health Administration
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