Medical Innovation in the Changing Healthcare Marketplace Conference Summary (2002) / Chapter Skim
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3. The Costs and Benefits of Medical Innovation
3. The Costs and Benefits of Medical Innovation
Pages 15-24
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From page 15... ...
Two presentations at the conference directly addressed the extent to which medical innovation drives up health care costs. One presentation looked at increases in total spending over the past 50 years, and the other looked at recent increases in aggregate prescription drug spending over the last few years.
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From page 16... ...
Sheila Smith, an economist with CMS, sought to evaluate the contribution of technological change, aging, insurance coverage, and other factors to historical growth in real per capita health care costs. Her approach was to identify the nontechnological factors contributing to growth in health spending and then to estimate their contribution, given a constant state of medical technology.
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From page 17... ...
New science encompassing new understanding of disease processes and the importance of specific treatments, and new best practices in the clinic. Keith suggested that this increased utilization can be understood to reflect a greater recognition of the value of prescription pharmaceuticals, where their direct costs are viewed in the light of both health and economic contributions, which often include offsets in other health care costs (Lichtenberg, 1996, 2001)
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From page 18... ...
MAJOR RETURNS ON INVESTMENT IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE David Cutler, a Harvard University economist, explained that life expectancy has increased 9 years since 1950 with about half of this increase resulting from reduced mortality from cardiovascular disease. These successes in treating/preventing cardiovascular disease can be attributed to developments in the intensive treatment of heart attacks, new medications for chronic heart disease (hypertension, cholesterol, angina)
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From page 19... ...
is much higher than the return for medical care. SIGNIFICANT POTENTIAL BENEFITS FROM MELANOMA PREVENTION PROGRAMS As Cutler pointed out in his presentation, life style changes have brought about significant reductions in cardiovascular deaths.
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From page 20... ...
John Ford, of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce minority staff speculated that the perceived under-funding of prevention research might move Congress to encourage more innovation in the area of prevention. LOOKING TO THE FUTURE: COSTS OF TREATING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE LIKELY TO RISE In a presentation on the future costs of treating cardiovascular disease, Dan Mark of Duke University observed that heart failure is a very important epidemic condition in the United States.
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From page 21... ...
If LVADs move from "bridge to transplant" use to standalone left ventricular support use not necessarily anticipating transplant then the device could have a huge economic impact. If the costs for LVADs were in the range $100,000-200,000 then that would add $5 billion-10 billion to annual health care costs.
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From page 22... ...
At the time of the analysis 82 percent of the patients were known to have died. SOME RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR TREATING METASTATIC MELANOMA Steven Rosenberg of the National Cancer Institute reported on his work to develop peptide vaccine strategies in combination with other therapies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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From page 23... ...
conditions synthesizing enough peptide to treat 1,000 patients costs about $12,000. Jonathan Lewis said that his company, Antigenics, is a relatively new biotechnology company specializing, among other things, in developing immunotherapy products.13 He said that building on the work of Pramod Srivastava and others, laboratory researchers had shown that treating animals with cancer with autologous tumor-derived heat shock protein molecules can generate an immune response leading to favorable results in terms of both survival and tumor regression.
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From page 24... ...
1997. Immonotherapy of tumors with autologous tumor-derived heat shock protein preparations.
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