(NAS Colloquium) Molecular Kinesis in Cellular Function and Plasticity (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 66-72
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From page 66... ...
In what follows, we will summarize the key features of this mechanism and also propose a unifying hypothesis that may explain why certain synaptic proteins are locally synthesized. Induction and Dendritic Targeting of Arc mRNA after Intense Neuronal Activity Arc was initially discovered in screens for novel IEGs that are induced by neuronal activity in a protein synthesis-independent This paper was presented at the National Academy of Sciences colloquium, "Molecular Kinesis in Cellular Function and Plasticity," held December 7-9, 2000, at the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center in Irvine, CA.
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From page 67... ...
Interestingly, this is approximately the same time interval during which synaptic modifications are sensitive to inhibition of protein synthesis. Newly Synthesized Arc mRNA Is Selectively Targeted to Synapses that Have Recently Been Activated Subsequent studies of Arc revealed another remarkable feature that newly synthesized Arc mRNA is selectively targeted to synapses that have been strongly activated (9~.
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From page 68... ...
2~. This finding suggests that in addition to causing the newly synthesized mRNA to redistribute to active synaptic sites, synaptic activation may enhance mRNA degradation.
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From page 69... ...
One additional important point revealed by immunocytochemistry is that newly synthesized Arc protein also is targeted to the nucleus. The significance of this dual targeting to active synapses and the nucleus is not yet known.
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From page 70... ...
Local Protein Synthesis: A Mechanism Mediating Cotranslational Assembly of Certain Molecules into the SJC/NRC? Since the discovery of a selective localization of polyribosomes beneath postsynaptic sites, one key question has remained unanswered: why are certain proteins synthesized locally whereas most others are synthesized in the cell body?
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From page 71... ...
Clearly it is now important to explore this issue with modern immunocytochemical or other techniques. Lessons from the Study of Arc A Candidate Mechanism for Protein Synthesis-Dependent Synaptic Modification Studies of Arc reveal elements of a mechanism that is well-suited to mediate the sorts of molecular changes in synapses that are believed to underlie long-term synaptic plasticity.
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From page 72... ...
(iv) Arc mRNA and protein are targeted to synapses that have experienced particular patterns of activity.
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