National Capacity in Forestry Research (2002) / Chapter Skim
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2. The Essential Knowledge Base for Forestry Issues
2. The Essential Knowledge Base for Forestry Issues
Pages 23-41
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From page 23... ...
Ensuring an adequate and appropriate knowledge base to address current and future needs in forestry research requires an integrated, coordinated approach to education and research. A 1964 report by the National Research Council stated that "education can be of highest quality only if it is conducted as part of the research process itself'' (National Research Council, 1964~.
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From page 24... ...
In addition, advice solicited from experts for the present report revealed that the following topics have the highest priority. Foundation forestry education and research: · Biology, ecology, and silviculture · Forest genetics · Forest management, economics, and policy Wood and materials science Emerging forestry education and research: Human and natural resource interactions Ecosystem function, health, and management Forest systems on various scales of space and time · Forest monitoring, analysis, and adaptive management · Forest biotechnology The division into priorities among foundation and emerging forestry education and research reinforces the needs for traditional education and research functions, but in a new context, and for extending our knowledge to relatively new disciplines, which are rapidly becoming more important.
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From page 25... ...
KNOWLEDGE BASE REQUIRED The foundation and emerging priority education and research areas integrate the literature, comments, and workshop input that the study committee received regarding the knowledge base required to ensure adequate future national capacity in forestry research. In fact, the information gathered on the knowledge base required essentially defined a broad set of forestry issues that merit further study.
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From page 26... ...
· Ecosystem function, health, and management. Ecosystem structure, function, process, and management; water quality and forested wetlands and protection; enhancement of health and productivity; rehabilitation and recovery efforts; wildlife habitat in managed forests; and biodiversity, ecosystem management, and adaptive management.
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From page 27... ...
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From page 28... ...
Similarly, the host of reports that have been written on ecosystem management identifies numerous complex subjects that need research. Sustaining the People's Lands overlaps substantially with Forestry Research: A Mandate for Change (National Research Council, 1990)
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The SFM criteria and indicators might be considered the raison d'etre for forest research, monitoring, and adaptive management. Table 2-2 summarizes the seven criteria and 67 indicators promulgated under the Montreal process.
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Total groping stock of both merchantable and nonmerchantable tree capacity of species on forest land available for timber production ecosystems 12) Area and growing stock of plantations of native and exotic species 13)
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Area and percentage of forest land experiencing an accumulation of persistent toxic substances 5 Maintenance of 26) Total forest ecosystem biomass and carbon pool and if appropnate, by contribution to forest type, age class, and successional stages global carbon 27)
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From page 32... ...
Viability and adaptability to changing economic conditions of forestdependent communities, including indigenous communities 47) Area and percentage of forest land used for subsistence purposes 7 Legal Extent to which the legalframework (laws, regulations, and guidelinesJ institutional supports the conservation and sustainable management offorests, including the '.
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From page 33... ...
The international agreements and national implementation committees promise to make SFM criteria and indicators central in forestry research, monitoring, and adaptive management. Forest Certification Forest certification is a rapidly developing new means to enhance forest management and protection, and potentially generate adequate financial returns from working forests to ensure that they are retained.
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Monitonng shall be conducted-appropriate to the scale and intensity of forest management-to assess the condition of the forest, yields of forest products, chain of custody, management activities and their social and environmental impacts.
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2) Ensure Tong-term forest productivity and reforestation, through reforestation by natural or planted methods within two years; promote state-level reporting of the overall rates of reforestation success and afforestation; use chemicals prudently and follow BMPs; implement management practices to protect and maintain soil productivity; protect forests from damaging insects, diseases, or fires; and use genetically improved material with sound scientific methods.
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From page 36... ...
Promote continual improvement in the practice of sustainable forestry and monitor, measure, and report performance in achieving the commitment to sustainable forestry. Forest-Industry Priorities The AFPA Agenda 2020 process defined similar sustainable-forestry research priorities for the forest-products industry (American Forest and Paper Association, 1999~.
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From page 37... ...
f) New management/science issues including: forest health, wildfire and fuels reduction, integrated pest management, watershed assessment, adaptive management, habitat for threatened and endangered species, multiple-species wildlife habitat, effects of forest fragmentation, watersheds and riparian issues, medicinaVfood plants and other on-timber forest products, fire surrogates, variable retention silviculture, urban forestry, agro forestry, community wellbeing, structural dynamics, spatiaVtemporal issues, and inventory and monitoring.
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From page 39... ...
Respondents recommended that forestry research and development focus on air and water quality, soil productivity, human use of resources, landscape fragmentation, population impacts, forest ecosystems, landscape ecology, use of latest technologies, and environmental effects of wood-fiber recycling and disposal of treated wood. · Tradle organizations.
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From page 40... ...
Forestry education and research have only recently begun to explore the interactions of social, economic, and environmental factors that are related to sustainable ecosystem management. The high-priority foundation science education and research fields related to forestry are biology, ecology, and silviculture; forest genetics; forest management, economics, and policy; and wood and materials
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From page 41... ...
The present trend of a declining contribution of forest products from public forest lands and increasing recreation and nonmarket goods and services, and the trend of increasing intensification of forest-product output from private industrial forest lands, are likely to continue in meeting the diverse needs that society places on our forests. Foundation and emerging forestry education and research will be needed to provide professionals for our future to and support the policy and economic decisions that governments and the forestproduct industry will need to make with respect to how and from where forest services and products are provided.
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