An Assessment of Non-Lethal Weapons Science and Technology (2003) / Chapter Skim
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1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Pages 12-22
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From page 12... ...
are defined by the Department of Defense (DOD) as "weapons that are explicitly designed and primarily employed so as to incapacitate personnel or materiel, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property and the environment.'']
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From page 13... ...
In 1995 the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) published the results of a study on NLWs and concluded that they would be valuable in future conflicts.2 The National Defense Authorization Act of 19963 required consolidation of nonlethal weapons responsibilities.
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From page 14... ...
Marine Corps. Despite its relatively low funding, the JNLWD was highly visible to both Congress and DOD, and it was under pressure to focus on acquiring available technology that could be fielded as quickly as possible especially to provide NLWs to troops already located in the Balkans and on other peace support opera
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From page 15... ...
Current efforts to study and understand the use of NLWs from the strategic to the tactical levels must be integrated into all future military and interagency concepts and operations.7 Today non-lethal weapons capabilities are being considered for a variety of missions, such as humanitarian relief, peacekeeping, law enforcement, military operations in urban terrain (MOUT) , truce monitoring, counterterrorism, drug interdiction, disaster response, and force protection.
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From page 16... ...
The defensive missions include force protectionparticularly for vessels with heightened vulnerabilities, such as those in port, those transiting straits and other choke points, and those in military supply convoys. The offensive missions include ship interdiction, blockades, and strikes.
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From page 17... ...
The options selected must be effective on a time scale that allows the employment of lethal means if the NEW fails to deter the threat. Increasing situational awareness both aboard ship and at nearby shore and harbor facilities through the use of increasingly sophisticated surveillance assets, such as imaging sensors on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
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From page 18... ...
XVIII examined the nature of future opponents and the Navy's future capabilities for detecting, identifying, and rapidly targeting all types of land targets. SSG XVIII developed the revolutionary operational concept named "Sea Strike Attacking Land Targets from the Sea.''l° The concept combines high-volume striking power from naval aircraft, missiles, and guns with maneuver forces, very high rates of fire, and fully networked sensors, all designed to maneuver directly and decisively ashore to shock, destroy, and rapidly defeat the enemy.
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From page 19... ...
. Given the inherent capabilities of the Sea Strike land attack concept, operational NLWs offer the potential for enhancing the effectiveness of lethal forces by, for example, enabling the commander to engage early, immobilizing enemy equipment without permanent damage to roads or bridges, and turning moving targets into stationary targets.
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From page 20... ...
In fact, Marine Corps plans now include NLWs as essential capabilities for military operations in urban terrain. MOUT involves joint combat across the full spectrum of conflict and is often conducted in a complex environment where intent is ambiguous and combatants and non-combatants operate in close proximity.
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From page 21... ...
The first CEP is focused on augmenting surveillance and sensing capabilities that can be used at standoff ranges, clearing compartments and rooms by causing occupants to leave, and providing the means to deny access to a cleared area, for example, by inhibiting mobility. The second CEP is investigating non-lethal weapons technologies such as kinetic energy, directed energy, or sensory overload systems for controlling individuals or groups through temporary disablement, distraction, or disorientation.
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From page 22... ...
Non-lethal weapons technologies should be adaptable across a range of military operations and should provide significant benefit in a variety of non-lethal application scenarios. "Expeditionary" implies rapid response, mobility, endurance, and sustainability in austere environments.
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