An Assessment of Non-Lethal Weapons Science and Technology (2003) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
3. Principal Findings
3. Principal Findings
Pages 73-97
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 73... ...
While the Marine Corps has been the most committed to NLWs and has placed this commitment among its top three or four priorities for enabling Marine Corps warfighting capabilities, even it has been unsuccessful in motivating significant naval R&D. The force protection demands emerging in the aftermath of the attack on the USS Cole may prove to be a vehicle for Navy interest, but the 73
|
From page 74... ...
3.1 JOINT NON-LETHAL WEAPONS DIRECTORATE When established in 1996, the Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Directorate was specifically chartered to stimulate and coordinate non-lethal weapons requirements. Today, the directorate functions as the DOD focal point for NLWs and is the organization through which the Services coordinate and integrate the development of non-lethal weapons programs.
|
From page 75... ...
The directorate would then be free to invest its full resources in other sorely needed areas such as effects and effectiveness characterization, which are critical for policy, acquisition, and operational decisions and cut across all Service interests and needs. Stimulating New Ideas for NLWs Finding: The JNLWD efforts to stimulate new ideas for non-lethal weapons must be substantially augmented cooperatively with the Services S&T programs.
|
From page 76... ...
Other examples are experiments and demonstrations, such as advanced concept technology demonstrations. Many opportunities in experiments and demonstrations are focused on operations and missions in which non-lethal weapons applications can play a role for example, in MOUT and in force protection.
|
From page 77... ...
ACTDs to evolve concept developments for non-lethal weapons applications. Substantial enhancement of the pace and scope of such activities is essential to move non-lethal weapons capabilities forward.
|
From page 78... ...
Coordinate human effects modeling and research efforts, Ensure that models are peer reviewed and appropriately applied, · Help weapon designers optimize designs for effects, · Consult with weapon developers on technological issues, · Provide input to the concept exploration phase to ensure that human effects are considered. · Analyze human effects for program managers, and · Assist in preparation of data packages for use by HERB.
|
From page 79... ...
As screened by the committee, the highest-priority S&T elements for naval expeditionary forces are as follows: · Calmatives and malodorants for controlling crowds and clearing facilities, developed and applied in accordance with U.S. treaty obligations in the Chemical Weapons Convention; · Directed-energy systems beyond VMADS: HPM for stopping vehicles and enabling distance communications, and solid-state lasers for advanced nonlethal weapons applications; · Novel and rapidly deployable marine barrier systems; and · Adaptation of unmanned or remotely piloted platfo~s and targeting/ BDA sensors to non-lethal weapons applications.
|
From page 80... ...
Antipersonnel and Antimateriel Chemicals Finding: Development of chemicals for non-lethal weapons applications has received little attention since the adoption of the Chemical Weapons Convention. There are, however, riot control, arealfacility clearing, and vehicle-stopping situations, as experienced in force protection, peacekeeping, and humanitarian assistance, for which non-lethal weapons chemical options other considerable advantages over alternatives.
|
From page 81... ...
On the requirements side, the committee heard from the U.S. Marine Corps and the JNLWD about the pervasive need in order to avoid introducing panic in crowds for crowd control options more benign than those of firing rubber bullets or using OC.
|
From page 82... ...
makes laser-based NLWs attractive. Current concepts rely on chemical lasers such as DF or COIL, but the disadvantages for expeditionary force applications are many.
|
From page 83... ...
and the engine of the vehicle can be its power source, provided the requirements for beam quality, power, and control can be met for non-lethal weapons applications. Achieving adequate power levels for both tactical and operational applications is the major research challenge.
|
From page 84... ...
Delivery concepts such as Roboski could allow for novel barrier types to be considered, including using the platform itself as a rapidly deployable barrier. ;¢ Enablers: Remotely Piloted or Unmanned Vehicles and Sensors Finding: The emergence of expanded missions for NLWs and more capable~nd complex~on-lethal weapons technologies will demand concept development and demonstration for the full system, including pla Jorm and sensor integration.
|
From page 85... ...
To mature non-lethal weapons capabilities and gain more widespread acceptance, the systems must be subjected to a robust program of experimentation, a thorough evaluation of training needs, candid assessments of vulnerabilities and countermeasures, and reviews to ensure their consistency with a myriad of evolving logistics and maintenance requirements. In the end, the successful development and deployment of NLWs will depend on many factors, but a thorough understanding of effectiveness will be essential.
|
From page 86... ...
Lessons learned from operational use do not appear to be influencing further development. Fully integrated lethal and non-lethal weapons capabilities remain to be assessed, although such force mixes are essential to implementing effects-based targeting.
|
From page 87... ...
To date, many of the experiments have focused heavily on the current generation of tactical NLWs in the capability sets, or more recently, on a VMADS-like system. Over the long run, experiments integrating or geared specifically toward NLWs must be more frequent and pervasive with all the Services and the Joint Forces Command (JFCOM)
|
From page 88... ...
88 cn As V)
|
From page 89... ...
89 ~ e ~ o E ° ' ° Y ' o .j'~ j~ .~ I o U3 ~ ~ ~ .' no ~ ~ o E ~ ~ ~— ~ 3 E ~ o D 5 3 C U o c D ~ ~ ~ E .~ to ., ~ C o c o ~ c ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C 3 ~ ~ - ° E `, o ~ == s ~ C ~ C`.
|
From page 90... ...
Early, continuing, and creative thinking about training needs is essential for the long-term success of NLW efforts. Logistics and Maintenance The logistics and maintenance considerations of most tactical NLWs found in the capability sets have been simple and readily accommodated within existing practices and capabilities.
|
From page 91... ...
Vulnerabilities t Because of its charge to study NLWs for U.S. naval expeditionary forces, the committee devoted little attention to NLWs developed or deployed by other nations.
|
From page 93... ...
As noted in Section 2.4, the command capability issues drive the future naval capabilities and accompanying enabling capabilities and supporting technologies. OPNAV designated an individual to act as the Navy central action officer, Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Programs.
|
From page 94... ...
It had completed a capstone requirements document on stopping vessels. It had accepted the role as Service lead on the following Joint NonLethal Weapons Program efforts: one Pre-Milestone A program for the development of a running gear entanglement system, one CEP to disable vessels, and studies and analysis efforts toward options for underwater and maritime intercept.
|
From page 95... ...
at NSWCDD to lead the Immediate Response Program. This office undertook an analysis to characterize known and potential asymmetric surface, subsurface, air, and onshore threats to surface vessels in ports and harbors and while transiting restricted waterways to or from ports and harbor areas, to key shore installations (including command centers, aircraft storage, and so on)
|
From page 96... ...
On Commitment A wide gap exists between the rhetoric on the importance of non-lethal weapons as expounded by senior leadership in the unified commands, fleet commands, and the U.S. Marine Corps, and the limited attention in planning, assess
|
From page 97... ...
treaty obligations in the Chemical Weapons Convention; · Directed-energy systems beyond VMADS: HPM for stopping vehicles and enabling distance communications, and solid-state lasers for advanced nonlethal weapons applications; · Novel and rapidly deployable marine barrier systems; and · Adaptation of unmanned or remotely piloted platforms and targeting/ battle damage assessment sensors to non-lethal weapons applications. Systems Development ., The effectiveness of non-lethal weapons is poorly understood in almost every dimension a fact that will impede the development of more capable nonlethal weapons systems in the future if not addressed.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.