The Internet Under Crisis Conditions Learning from September 11 (2003) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 11-20
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From page 11... ...
This system involves multinational telecommunications carriers, cable companies, corporate networks, nonprofit-organization networks, government-agency networks, sole proprietorships, and even hobbyists. Each network consists of a set of optical-fiber, copper-circuit, or wireless communications links that connect to "end-hosts" desktop personal computers (PCs)
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From page 12... ...
and multinational telecommunications carriers have equipment in New York, either in colocation facilities or in private suites. The city is served by more than 100 international Internet carriers, and it has direct links with 71 countries.4 Connected to the Internet through the long-haul fiber networks of several major carriers, New York City is also a major interconnection point for these carriers.5 Interconnection is for the most part done at one of several key "carrier hotels" buildings in which carriers lease space in order to link with other carriers located in the same building.
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From page 13... ...
Many of these connections take place over the network of the local exchange carrier, Verizon, and the long-haul fiber networks connect to Verizon's central offices as well. Several ISPs that have registered as competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs)
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From page 14... ...
Although there were other significant events on September 11, 2001, this report mainly examines those in New York City. The crash of United Airlines Flight 93 in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, and that of American Airlines Flight 77 into the Pentagon did not appear to have any additional impact on the public Internet's infrastructure though they were definitely a factor in shaping how people made use of the network.
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From page 20... ...
20 THE INTERNET UNDER CRISIS CONDITIONS destruction at the Pentagon certainly had some effect on military communications, but those are not considered in this report. However, as is discussed in Chapter 2, indirect impacts on Internet operations in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area were felt as the normal course of business was disrupted.
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