Toxicologic Assessment of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 (2003) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-8
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forces using an estimated 5 billion gallons of JP-8 each year, there is widespread exposure of DOD and NATO military personnel to JP-8. In 1996, a previous subcommittee of the National Research Council's Committee on Toxicology SCORN judged that the Navy's interim 8-fur timeweighted-average permissible exposure level (PEL)
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The NRC assigned this project to the COT Subcommittee one et-Propulsion Fuel 8, which prepared this report. THE SUBCOMMITTEE'S APPROACH TO ITS CHARGE To address its charge, the subcommittee reviewed data on physical and chemical properties of JP-8, toxicokinetics of JP-8, epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence of adverse health effects of JP-8, and Air Force operational scenarios that might result in exposure to JP-8 vapors and aerosols.
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, the observation of positive effects from a short exposure duration (1 hr/day for 7 days) at that concentration leads the subcommittee to conclude that the interim PEL of 350 mg/m3 might be too high to be protective of human health (assuming the application of commonly used uncertainty factors)
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Other Toxicity End Points The subcommittee also reviewed toxicologic and epidemiologic data on other end points: hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, and genotoxicity of JP-8. No relevant adverse effects were observed for hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, and cardiovas
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The subcommittee further concludes that in addition to inhalation exposures, the potential exists for a substantial contribution to the overall JP-8 exposure by the dermal route, including mucous membranes and the eyes, either by contact with vapors and aerosols or by direct skin contact withJP-8. It should be noted that earlier this year, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists proposed a Threshold Limit Value for kerosene and jet fuels, as a total hydrocarbon vapor, of 200 mg/m3.2 Also, ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., has set an occupational exposure level of 5 mg/m3 for kerosene and middle distillate fuel aerosols.3 RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS Because findings from several studies indicate the potential for adverse health effects from exposure to JP-8 aerosols at concentrations below the interim PEL of 350 mg/m3 and because theJP-8 vapor concentrations tested were approximately 1,000 mg/m3 (that is, less than three times the interim PEL)
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. Because inhalation exposures greater than approximately 1,000 mg/m3 for pure JP-8 vapors are difficult to achieve, the Air Force should consider conducting studies using saturated vapor atmospheres on larger numbers of animals or employ longer exposure durations (~at is, longer than 90 days)
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The subcommittee recommends that dermal exposures to Air Force personnel in some occupational settings (such as maintenance of aircraft fuel tanks) be minimized by the use of appropriate protective clothing or other measures.
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In light of those data, the US Air Force asked the Research Council to review the toxicologic, epidemiologic, and other relevant data on JP-8 vapors and aerosols to assess the 8
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