Toxicologic Assessment of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 (2003) / Chapter Skim
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4 Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Respiratory Tract
4 Effects of Jet-Propulsion Fuel 8 on the Respiratory Tract
Pages 41-55
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From page 41... ...
The subcommittee uses that information to assess the potential respiratory toxicity of JP-8 in humans. The National Research Council report Permissible Exposure Levels for Selected Military Fuel Vapors (NRC 1996)
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From page 44... ...
The investigators stated that increased adjusted ORs in the frequent-exposure group likely reflected a true association between symptoms and occupational settings, although bias and residual confounding could not be discounted. The investigators also stated that the symptoms suggested exposure to a respiratory irritant; the effects were more closely related to exposure to jet exhaust than to exposure to jet fuel.
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The exposure resulted in no effects on lung volumes, dynamic resistance and compliance, quasistatic compliance, partial and full forced vital capacities, carbon monoxide diffusion capacity, and closing volume. There
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Lung-permeability data indicated that lung injuries peaked at 28 days of fuel exposure. Although no treatment-related pulmonary lesions observable by light microscopy were reported in rats exposed to JP-8 at 500 mg/m3 for up to 28 days (Pfaff et al.
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2000~. Minimal morphologic changes observed with light microscopy were reported after JP-8 inhalation, but ultrastructural evaluations revealed damage to bronchiolar epithelium resulting in perivascular edema and damage to Clara cells in mice exposed at the highest concentrations.
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The three test materials evoked breathing patterns characteristic of upper airway sensory irritation at all exposure concentrations. Examination of the breathing patterns revealed no apparent pulmonary (deep lung)
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JP-8 exposure of a rat lung alveolar type II epithelial cell line ~E-6TN) induced biochemical and morphologic markers of apoptotic cell death, including caspase-3 activation, poly (ADP-ribose)
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From page 53... ...
Future studies involving exposures to aerosols should be designed in collaboration with scientists knowledgeable in aerosol generation, aerosol physics, and quantification of vapors and aerosols to ensure accurate characterization of exposure atmospheres. The subcommittee recommends that respiratory-system toxicity be evaluated in experimental animals exposed toJP-8 vapors and mixtures of vapors and aerosols by the inhalation route.
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From page 54... ...
1991. A 90-day continuous vapor inhalation toxicity study of JP-8 jet fuel followed by 20 or 21 months of recovery in Fischer 344 rats and C57BL/6 mice.
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2001. Age-related differences in pulmonary inflammatory responses to ~P-8 jet fuel aerosol inhalation.
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