Government-Industry Partnerships for the Development of New Technologies (2003) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 111-124
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From page 111... ...
.2 The rapid expansion of these programs generated significant opposition, rekindling the national debate on the appropriate role of the government in fostering new technologies. iFor an overview of SEMATECH, see National Research Council, Securing the Future: Regional and National Programs to Support the Semiconductor Industry, op.
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policy by providing a pragmatic, results-oriented perspective. To this end, the study has applied a variety of economic assessment methods to partnership activity, ranging from laboratory S&T parks to the accomplishments of the SBIR program.
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Writing in 1994, James Fallows makes a similar observation (see Looking into the Sun: The Rise of the New East Asian Economic and Political System. New York: Pantheon Books, 1994, p.
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The commitment of public funds requires that realistic but effective assessments be regularly undertaken. · Regular assessment through cost-shar~ng requirements with private funds can serve as an effective means to ensure continued technical viability.
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policy, often obscuring more than clarifying the issues associated with public-private partnership.~7 Generally, the expression means that: i5See Otis L Graham, Losing Time: The Industrial Policy Debate, op.
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Arguments that do not consider this interaction ignore important aspects of the history of technology development in the United States. They also fail to reflect key elements of recent and current practice that have played critical roles in the development of such platform technologies as the Internet, contributed to such enabling technologies as semiconductors, or supported research and development in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and biomedical industries.~9 Further, the government has demonstrated a capacity to make judgments with respect to new technologies.
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From page 117... ...
To a remarkable degree this is accurate, yet the fact remains that the government does intervene in the market in many ways, be it through the provision of R&D support, development of a favorable regulatory framework, or procurement decisions for technologies for government missions in defense, space exploration, and health. The government role, of course, is not confined to investment incentives.
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From page 118... ...
The time lag, from the conclusion of Phase I and the receipt of Phase II funds, can create cash-flow problems for small firms. The Fast Track pilot addresses the gap by providing expedited review and essentially continuous funding from Phase I to Phase II as long as applying firms can demonstrate that they have obtained third-party financing for their technology.25 Two years after the launch of the Fast Track initiative the Under Secretary of Defense asked the National Research Council's Board on Science, Technology, 23See Otis L
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The research team assembled by the Committee examined the SBIR program awards and the Fast Track initiative from three perspectives: · Survey Research: As a first step the research team developed a survey instrument and then commissioned an outside consulting firm experienced with the program to carry out a large-scale survey of DOD SBIR awarders, using a sample of firms that have participated in Fast Track and a control group. The roughly 300 firms28 (294 firms doing 379 projects)
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30Although the research overseen by the Committee represents a significant step in improving our understanding of the SBIR program, these findings should be appreciated for what they are, that is, a preliminary and limited effort by independent researchers and an informed Committee to understand the operation of an important government-industry partnership. The Committee did not recommend that Fast Track be applied to the entire SBIR program at DoD, considering that to do so might put at risk other goals, such as research and concept development.
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cit. 38See Jeffrey Dyer and Benjamin Powell, "Perspectives on the Determinants of Success in ATPsponsored R&D Joint Ventures: The Views of Participants," in National Research Council, The Advanced Technology Program, Assessing Outcomes, op.
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partnership program. The Advanced Technology Program arguably represents a "best practice" in the United States in terms of the concept, management, regular assessment, and potential contributions.42 Whatever improvements might be made in the ATP and SBIR programs, the policy dialogue surrounding such programs certainly can be improved.
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