Research Briefings 1987 (1988) / Chapter Skim
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Report of the Research Briefing Panel on Chemical Processing of Materials and Devices for Information Storage and Handling
Report of the Research Briefing Panel on Chemical Processing of Materials and Devices for Information Storage and Handling
Pages 25-38
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Report of the Research Briefing Panel on Chemical Processing of Materials and Devices for Information Storage and! Handling
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, Head, Organic Materials and Chemical Engineering, AT&T Bell Laboratories Lee L Blyler, Supervisor, Plastics Applied Research, Properties, and Processing, AT&T Bell Laboratories lames Economy, Manager, Polymer Science and Technology, IBM Almaden Research Center Dennis W
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In several of these industries, chemists and chemical engineers have become increasingly involved in research and process development. WorIdwide, though, many high-technology industries, such as the microelectronics industry, still have surprisingly little strength in chemical processing and engineering.
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Because chemical reactions and processes are used in the manufacture of this broad array of materials and devices, 28 chemical engineers could play a significant role in improving manufacturing processes and techniques, and investments in chemical processing science and engineering research represent a potentially high-leverage approach to improving our competitive position. CURRENT CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES MICROCIRCUITS The use of chemical reactions and processes in the manufacture of microcircuits begins with the basic material for integrated circuits, high-purity (less than 150 parts per trillion of impurities)
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LIGHTWAVE MEDIA AND DEVICES Optical fibers are also made by chemical processes. The critical feature of an optical fiber that allows it to propagate light down its length is a core of high refractive index surrounded by a cladding of Tower index.
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Chemical reactions and processes are equally relevant to emerging technologies and materials in recording. The manufacture of magnetic recording media depends heavily on chemical processing.
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S electronics industry appears to be ahead of, or on a par with, Japanese industry in most areas of current techniques for the deposition and processing of thin films chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
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U.S. companies producing magnetic tape use manufacturing processes that achieve higher integration through combined unit operations, but Japanese companies have a higher degree of automation in these separate operations.
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Thus, it becomes increasingly important to automate and integrate individual process steps into an overall manufacturing process. The concepts of chemical engineering are easily applied in meeting the challenge of process integration, particularly because many of the key process steps involve chemical reactions.
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A tremendous opportunity exists for chemists and chemical engineers to apply their detailed knowledge of funciamental chemical processes in developing new chemical routes to high-performance ceramics for electronic and photonic applications. Deeper involvement of chemical engineers in manufacturing processes for ceramics may be particularly important in the eventual commercialization of metal oxide superconductors.
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A better understanding of dispersion stability during drying, as well as of diffusion mechanisms that result in intermixing of sequential layers of macromolecules, is important. MODELING AND THE STUDY OF CHEMICAE DYNAMIC S A challenge related to the problems of reactor design and engineering is the modeling and study of the fundamental chemistry occurring in manufacturing processes for semiconductors, optical fibers, and magnetic media.
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The work of chemical engineers in eTucidating the relevant chemical reactions and their kinetics was crucial to the identification of the important chemical species in the etching process, their reaction pathways, and, in addition, to the discovery that the organic polymer photoresist contributed to plasma chemistry and selectivity in important ways. These studies led to new, improved plasma processes that are currently being usec!
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First, many of the research areas mentioned in the preceding section lend themselves to research groups led by single principal investigators or by small teams of two or three coprincipal investigators. The magnitude of support given to such research groups should be enhanced to provide access to the sophisticated instrumentation neecled to pursue effective research on fundamental phenomena important to research areas such as separations, processing, and reactor design.
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advanced process technology firms with the latest insights from university research, and to provide university researchers with insights into the ways in which fundamental science and engineering can contribute to the practice problems of high-technology processing of materials and devices. · A limited number of "incubator research programs," providing state-of-theart facilities cohabited by researchers from 1 38 advanced process technology firms and researchers in process engineering associated with universities, could be set up in close proximity to academic research campuses.
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