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Materials Science and Technology Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century (2003) / Chapter Skim
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2. Discovery
Pages 18-27

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From page 18...
... Polymers Examples such as Teflon serve to show how the chemical sciences have contributed indispensable materials to everyday use. More recently, the development of thermoplastics and/or structural polymers has had an increasing influ18
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From page 19...
... Synthesis of amphiphilic dendritic block copolymers that are designed to form ultrathin organic films have also had major advances, but these materials also need further development. Other promising materials, from polymers for drug delivery to tissue engineering, have the potential to benefit the biomedical field but are still in a relatively early stage of development.
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From page 20...
... Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) , a mass spectrometry technique that uses laser light to ablate unfragmented polymer molecules mixed with an organic acid matrix into a timeof-flight mass spectrometer, is finding increasing application in the polymer community.
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From page 21...
... In particular, researchers have begun to delineate conditions in which polymer nanostructures can drive filler particles to self-assemble into nearly continuous nanowires.i Computer modeling will continue to have a large impact on both chemical synthesis and theoretical applications as computational power at the desktop level increases. Combinatorial Synthesis and High-Throughput Screening Since most processes for synthesis by analogy remain imprecise, highthroughput methods offer another promising alternative to conventional cycles of iDavid lasnow, "Nanoengineered Materials: From Polymer Composites to Structured Adsorbents," NSF Partnership in Nanotechnology Conference, January 29-30, 2001, Arlington Virginia.
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From page 24...
... Specifically, materials companies are beginning to use combinatorial synthesis in their research (Sidebar 2.2~. By creating large collections of chemically diverse materials, called libraries, and screening these libraries and materials simultaneously for desirable performance, enormous quantities of information regarding reaction conditions and potential target materials can be generated at a vastly accelerated pace.
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From page 25...
... Continuing developments in areas such as scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy are examples of instrumentation that will have an impact on nanotechnology research and development (see Sidebar 5.1 for others)
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Key Terms

  • atomic force
  • density functional
  • biological materials
  • materials chemistry
  • functional theory

  • data storage
  • efficient automation
  • data streams
  • pharmaceutical industry
  • force microscopy

  • chemical synthesis
  • computer modeling
  • scanning probe
  • combinatorial synthesis
  • materials discovery

  • computing power
  • process conditions
  • mass spectrometry
  • nitrogen oxides
  • analogy remain

  • probe microscopes
  • chemically diverse
  • conventional cycles
  • move design
  • articulated technological

  • pervasive tool
  • couple reactions
  • nearly continuous
  • theory combined
  • power combined


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