Review of NASA's Aerospace Technology Enterprise An Assessment of NASA's Aeronautics Technology Programs (2004) / Chapter Skim
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4 Assessment of the Aviation Safety Program
4 Assessment of the Aviation Safety Program
Pages 71-104
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From page 71... ...
71 Vehicle Safety Technology, which includes Single Aircraft Accident Prevention, Accident Mitigation, and Synthetic Vision Systems, Weather Safety Technology, which includes Aircraft Icing and Weather Accident Prevention, and System Safety Technology, which includes Systemwide Accident Prevention, Search and Rescue,2 and Aviation System Monitoring and Modeling. A fourth research component, security research, will be added in FY04.
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From page 72... ...
the full-cost accounting scheme.3 Vehicle Safety Technology accounted for $83.9 million (54 percent of the AvSP total) , Weather Safety Technology accounted for $31.6 million (20 percent of the total)
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SOURCE: Information provided to the NRC panel by G Bond, Aviation Safety Program Office, NASA Langley Research Center.
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The AvSP contains a wide array of human factors research, from synthetic vision displays to aviation weather information requirements to tools for aircraft maintenance teams. In general, the committee found evidence of high qual
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Finding: Human Factors Research. In recent years the Aviation Safety Program's work in human factors has been eroding; senior in-house research staff have left, and in order to get the work done, more human factors professionals have found themselves managing contractors, a task for which they often are not well qualified.
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From page 76... ...
. Structures health management subtask of the Vehicle Health Management and Flight Critical System Design task in the Single Aircraft Accident Prevention subproject, Mode confusion subtask of the Vehicle Health Management and Flight Critical System Design task in the Single Aircraft Accident Prevention subproject, Scale model development and testing work in the Single Aircraft Accident Prevention subproJect, · Design and Analysis Tools task in the Aircraft Icing subproject, Aircraft Ice Protection task in the Aircraft Icing subproject, and · Crew Training task in the Systemwide Accident Prevention subproject.
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From page 77... ...
The committee applauds the Technical Integration support of the Commercial Aviation Safety Team and the Joint Implementation Measurement Data Analysis team. Vehicle Safety Technology Pro tech Background The Vehicle Safety Technology project is designed to strengthen aircraft against vehicle system and component failures, loss of control, loss of situational awareness, and postcrash and in-flight fires.
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Recommendation: Portfolio Breadth. The Aviation Safety Program should narrow the scope of activities in the Vehicle Safety Technology project to increase the depth of research activities and focus them in fewer, more specific, higher-priority areas.
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It appears that university involvement is relatively minor, notably in formal methods of software verification and validation and in some of the propulsion safety technologies. Assessment by Subyroject Single Aircraft Accident Prevention Subproject The Single Aircraft Accident Prevention (SAAP)
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The Single Aircraft Accident Prevention activities are linked by their common goal (reducing system or component failures on the aircraft) but not necessarily by common expertise or research methodologies.
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Finding: Integration of Related Activities. The model-based diagnostics subtask is not well integrated with related activities in Single Aircraft Accident Prevention.
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Recommendation: Involving Academiae NASA should increase its partnerships with academia in the Control Upset Prevention and Recovery task. Because of the low TRL of the CUPR activities, academia could make meaningful contributions in this area.
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Baize, NASA-Langley, "Synthetic Vision Systems subproject introduction," presentation to the panel in February 2003.
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. AN ASSESSMENT OF NASA 'S AERONA UTICS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS Finding: Synthetic Vision Systems Long-Term Research.
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Weather Safely Technology Pro tech Background The goal of the Weather Safety Technology project is to reduce the frequency and severity of weather-related accidents and injuries. This project was funded at
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From page 86... ...
Many, but not all, of the activities involve strong interaction with the FAA, other national laboratories, and industry. The Weather Safety Technology project, with the exception of the Aircraft Icing subproject, is weighted toward applied research more than basic research, but the selected projects respond to well-recognized weather safety risks.
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From page 87... ...
Technica/ Performance The committee was very impressed with the overall technical performance of the Weather Safety Technology project. The Aircraft Icing subproject is a nationally recognized facility with top-notch staff, is well managed, and has excellent collaborations with other federal government organizations and industry.
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From page 88... ...
There is still much to be learned about the effects of icing on aircraft aerodynamics. Aircraft Ice Protection Task The Aircraft Ice Protection task has two objectives: to develop remote sensing technologies to detect and measure icing conditions and to develop methods to assess the performance of an aircraft under icing conAN ASSESSMENT OF NASA 'S AERONAUTICS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS ditions ("smart icing" systems)
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From page 89... ...
The task conducts research in airborne hazard awareness, satellite aviation weather products, tropospheric airborne meteorological data reporting, and interface and display technologies. The task has a budget of $4.1 million in FY03 and $3.7 million in FY04.
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From page 90... ...
The Aviation Weather Information task should work with the FAA, airlines, and pilot communities to address the issue of pilots penetrating convective weather, including the adequacy of existing onboard weather radars for portraying flight hazards, the adequacy of current pilot training in their use, and related pilot decision making.
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From page 91... ...
In addition, there needs to be close collaboration with the FAA Aviation Weather Research Team, which will be a key recipient of the data. Finding: Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR)
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From page 92... ...
Also, the TAMDAR project should ensure that the needs of the FAA Aviation Weather Research Convective Product Team are carefully understood, in particular their strong need for humidity data to support tactical storm growth and decay forecasts. Finding: Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR)
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From page 93... ...
System Safely Technology Pro lent Background The System Safety Technology project is designed to reduce the frequency and severity of aviation accidents and incidents through proactive management of safety risks using a systemwide approach. The project is composed of two subprojects: Systemwide Accident Prevention (SWAP)
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Nevertheless, the comm~ttee believes that NASA should develop interim m~lestones and metrics for internally evaluating the success of the System Safety Technology project relative to intended project deliverables. This should be done in conjunction with the Technical Integration effort.
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While application of NASA human performance modeling research to other efforts at NASA, such as synthetic vision research, would seem promising, there is little to show as yet. There appears to be no connection with human performance modeling at other government agencies.
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Recommendation: Human Factors Outreach. NASA should create, document, and apply more clearly defined off-ramps for high-TRL Human Performance Models.
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The effort is funded at $1.9 million net for both FY03 and FY04. The Crew Training task of System Safety Technology has served the commercial aviation training community for many years, producing excellent research work that could occur nowhere else.
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From page 98... ...
The Program Human Factors task at NASA Ames is designed to cut across multiple subprojects, including Synthetic Vision Systems, Weather Accident Prevention, and Single Aircraft Accident Prevention. Each of these subprojects is to perform its own internal human factors research.
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From page 99... ...
development work in this task, the work on data mining applications taking place in the Extramural Monitoring task, and the work on Aviation Performance Measuring System analysis in the Intramural Monitoring task. Recommendation: Use of Milestones.
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. ~ Am ASSESSMENT OF NASA 'S AERONA UTICS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS The Extramural Monitoring task strives to create a database of information to serve as the repository of aviation safety events and trends and the basis for aviation safety decision making.
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From page 101... ...
Modeling and Simulations Task The Modeling and Simulations task seeks to incorporate human performance models into an analysis of systemwide operations to identify safety-related characteristics and predict system response to safety interventions. This program is not responsible for model development, but it incorporates models from other research efforts (such as the AirMIDAS mode!
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... AL ASSESSMENT OF NaSA 'S AERONAUTICS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS Overall, the APMS program has been in the refinement stage for several years.
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From page 103... ...
Appendixes 1 .
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