A Geospatial Framework for the Coastal Zone National Needs for Coastal Mapping and Charting (2004) / Chapter Skim
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6 Increasing Coastal Mapping and Charting Efficiency
6 Increasing Coastal Mapping and Charting Efficiency
Pages 94-109
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From page 94... ...
With the large number of agencies involved, their differing histories, the breadth of their mandates, and the complexity of the issues (see Appendix A) , there are many instances of both real and "apparent" redundancies ("apparent" refers to situations where an activity appears similar to activities of other programs, either within the same agency or in another agency, but that in reality serves an important separate purpose)
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From page 95... ...
in the Bathy/Topo/Shoreline Demonstration Project, efforts by NOAA's Office of Coast Survey (OCS) and USGS to maximize survey BOX 6.1 Examples of Successful Collaboration Long Island, New York In Long Island Sound, there is a 23-year history of cooperative State of Connecticut/USGS/Minerals Management Service/NOAA data collection involving seismic and sidescan sonar surveys; bottom grabs and coring; and bottom reconnaissance using divers, Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs)
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From page 96... ...
efforts to organize states and others with respect to standards and data distribution. DATA COLLECTION OVERLAP AND REDUNDANCY- TOPOGRAPHY AND BATHYMETRY Those charged with acquiring or working with coastal zone mapping data and/or derived products do not have an efficient means of determining whether an area of interest has been previously mapped or is planned to be mapped.
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From page 97... ...
A significant portion of the aerial photographs required by USGS are in coastal areas where NOAA's national shoreline mapping program collects high-quality, tide-coordinated, stereo aerial photographs. Except for the additional requirement for tide-coordinated timing, such aerial photographs are also appropriate for topographic mapping by USGS.
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From page 98... ...
NOAA's mission includes the requirement to survey coastal regions and navigable shoreline water areas to provide an official and accurate delineation of what the agency and many international bodies define as "The National Shoreline." These surveys consist of the collection and analysis of aerial photogrammetric shoreline data by NOAA's National
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From page 99... ...
coastal state and territory. For some states, shoreline data digitization is also being accomplished through partnerships with local coastal zone management programs.
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From page 100... ...
Almost all of the current FEMA coastal hazard enterprise has been focused on water-level inundation and has not considered other types of coastal hazards, such as coastal erosion or sea level rise, which can only be effectively evaluated using geospatial tools. Congress has recognized this deficiency and drafted legislation that would allow FEMA to engage in coastal erosion mapping, with a significant amount of funding ($150 million in 2003 and $200 million in 2004 for map modernization)
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From page 101... ...
DATA COLLECTION OVERLAP AND REDUNDANCY- HABITAT MAPPING In the context of coastal mapping, habitat is necessarily a derived thematic layer constructed on a variety of primary data sources. Habitat mapping can encompass almost all other primary information sources, including the framework information of topography and bathymetry, and source data elements, including water movement; the quality, character, and distribution of bottom materials; sediment dynamics; and other biological and chemical components of the ecosystem.
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From page 102... ...
STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING REDUNDANCY AND OVERLAP The Federal Budget Process -- the Problem Behind the Problem The lack of coordination and communication within and between federal agencies, as well as between state and federal entities, has resulted in overlap and redundancy, not only in terms of agency operations but also in terms of agency missions related to coastal mapping and charting. This probably comes as no surprise to most federal managers, for in a very real sense the budgetary and programmatic decision making processes of the federal government favor those who set themselves apart by promoting their own agendas, rather than those who would support coordinated partnerships between agencies.
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From page 103... ...
Requests for funding to support partnerships with other agencies may be denied because of a perceived risk that if one agency partner fails to receive funding, the project may not be viable; alternatively, it may be denied because if a single project is listed in more than one agency's budget, it may appear to be a duplication when in reality it is actually cost sharing. The next step is submission of departmental budgets to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
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From page 104... ...
Mandatory registration of all federally funded coastal mapping and charting activities in a central, publicly available database. As noted above, in the process of the committee's meetings we observed several occasions where representatives from agencies that were planning mapping or charting programs were made aware of nearly identical programs that existed in, or were planned by, other agencies.
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From page 105... ...
. While this directive requires some degree of registration for all geospatial data collection activities, the committee calls for a much more focused database to encompass coastal zone-specific activities, linked to the proposed single coastal zone Web portal.
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From page 106... ...
The USGS Coastal and Marine Program, which has responsibility for offshore geologic mapping, makes plans to map the area and registers the upcoming survey in the national coastal mapping survey database. The personnel assigned to the centralized coordinating office for coastal map ping activities receive notification of the planned USGS survey and review the registered "survey needs" list of other agencies.
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From page 107... ...
Formal coordination of geospatial data collection and analysis efforts Coordination of coastal zone mapping activities among all the primary agencies involved in coastal zone mapping must be through a mechanism that has the means to monitor and ensure compliance. Structurally, the FGDC seems to be the appropriate body to oversee such coordination, although this committee has concerns about the effectiveness of current FGDC initiatives (see below)
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From page 108... ...
In addition, planning should begin for a coordinated, interagency, high-resolution shoreline mapping program to establish a baseline condition for periodic resurveys in order to quantify shoreline change rates. These activities should involve FEMA, NASA, NOAA, USACE, and USGS.
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From page 109... ...
Finally, we cannot ignore the fact that the extraordinarily large population base that depends on the coastal zone can also be a powerful political force. User-driven requests to Congress and to individual agencies from the Coastal States Organization, the Coastal Zone Management Program, and other state and local entities that would benefit from more efficient and standardized federal efforts are an important element of any successful mapping and charting support and coordination strategy.
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