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Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome (1988) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A. Glossary
Pages 105-107

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From page 105...
... Codon The nucleotide triplet in messenger RNA that specifies the amino acid to be inserted in a specific position in the forming polypeptide during translation. Cosmid Vectors designed for cloning large fragments of eukaryotic DNA.
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From page 106...
... Open reading frame Regions in a DNA molecule where successive nucleotide triplets can potentially be read as codons specifying amino acids and where the sequence of these triplets is not interrupted by stop codons. Polymorphism The existence of two or more genetically different classes in the same interbreeding population (Ah-positive and Rhnegative humans, for example)
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From page 107...
... In diploid organisms, most somatic cells contain the IN number of chromosomes. Stop codon A ribonucleotide triplet signaling the termination of the translation of a protein chain.
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Key Terms

  • dna molecule
  • specific position
  • rna template
  • reverse transcriptase
  • reading frame

  • produce abnormal
  • cdna complementary
  • binary fission
  • beta hemoglobin
  • structural genes

  • dna polymerase
  • restriction fragments
  • forming polypeptide
  • electrical charge
  • rapidly degraded

  • classical sense
  • linear sequence
  • allelic forms
  • functional rna
  • specific endonuclease

  • associated protein
  • complementary dna
  • entire set
  • cell cytoplasm
  • restriction fragment

  • threadlike structures
  • ancestral cell
  • codons specifying
  • separate molecules
  • subsequently removed


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