Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome (1988) / Chapter Skim
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7. Implementation and Management Strategies
7. Implementation and Management Strategies
Pages 86-98
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From page 86... ...
, an ordered DNA clone collection that covers the entire genome, and physical maps of increasing resolution culminating in the DNA sequence. However, such a large endeavor requires a degree of organization and coordination that has no precedent in the biological sciences.
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From page 87... ...
In view of the current situation, the committee recommends the establishment of a competitive grant program specifically focused on improving in 5- to 10-fold increments the scale or efficiency of mapping and sequencing the human genome. These grants would be designed to support work that is more technologically oriented than most ongoing biological research.
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From page 88... ...
The methods will probably evolve very rapidly, and the strongest and most efficient mapping efforts will provide their first critical tests. For these reasons, a substantial portion of the human genome mapping effort should probably be organized into medium-sized research centers, each with ongoing activities in both development of techniques and actual mapping and each with a reasonable fraction of the various technologies in place or under development.
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From page 89... ...
The central facilities that collect and distribute information and materials should also be supported by contract. Such efforts should also be subject to continuing peer review, both for technical competence and to ensure continuing coordination with the overall effort to map and sequence the human genome.
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From page 90... ...
The estimated cost of an effective project to map and sequence the human genome is $200 million per year. (This level of funding would be reached only during the third year of the project, with the first 2 years having lower levels of funding to allow a scale-up to an effective project.)
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From page 91... ...
A major objective of the human genome project would be to achieve an annual sequencing capacity of ~ billion nucleotides through the combined efforts of a modest number of centers by the year 2000. Once this ambitious goal is reached, it would be realistic to complete the entire human genome sequence, and powerful comparative studies on human polymorphisms and evolution would become possible.
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From page 92... ...
These examples suggest that the United States does not and cannot expect to monopolize information and innovation in this field. Moreover, the initiation of a human genome project in the United States will probably not deter work in other countries, but rather will
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From page 93... ...
We also recognize that the management of the human genome project may need to evolve as the project evolves, as have management mechanisms for similar projects with federal research support. Three Possible Organizational Plans Briefly summarized, each of the possible organizational plans (designated A, B
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From page 94... ...
Organizational Plan A: A Lead Agency and a Scientific Advisory Board The Human Genome Project Should Be Assigned to a Major Federal Agency In this plan the human genome project would be sited within a federal agency as an independently funded endeavor. This would place both the responsibility and the operation of the project within a single unit.
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From page 95... ...
· To publish periodic reports stating progress, problems, and recommendations for research. The Scientific Advisory Board Should Provide Advice on the Peer Review Process and on Coordination of the Project A human genome project cannot succeed unless the various mapping and sequencing
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From page 96... ...
Organizational Plan B: An Interagency Committee and Scientific Advisory Board The Interagency Committee Three government agencies can potentially play leading roles in the human genome project: The National Institutes of Health (NTH) because of their central responsibility for human biomedical research and their exemplary peer-reviewed extramural grant programs; the Department of Energy (DOE)
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From page 97... ...
It would be ultimately responsible for the coordination and funding of the activities to be supported, the administration of the peer review process, the research program, the stock center, and the data center. It is expected that this committee, which would provide the administrative and the funding lead for the project, would pay close attention to the recommendations of the Scientific Advisory Board and the administrative agency.
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From page 98... ...
1987. The physical map of the whole Escherichia cold chromosome.
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