From Source Water to Drinking Water Workshop Summary (2004) / Chapter Skim
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4 Change: Implications at the Water-Human Health Interface
4 Change: Implications at the Water-Human Health Interface
Pages 47-54
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From page 47... ...
The increasing demands with population growth are more problematic when one considers that the per capita demand for water -- the amount we use per person for the things we want to do -- is rising in many regions, driven by economic growth. Population growth adds other pressures to a tightly intertwined ecosystem.
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From page 48... ...
Many fish species are threatened or en dangered, and some aquatic Approximately 1.1 billion of the ecosystems have been altered or world's people do not have access to destroyed completely. The issue clean drinking water and 2.4 billion of climate change is perhaps the people -- 40 percent of the global population -- lack adequate sanitation quintessential global change services.
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From page 49... ...
in the water supply and sanitation sector -- all aid from developed countries plus all aid from international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank -- is decreasing. One example is the United States, which gives the smallest amount of water aid as a fraction of its gross national product (GNP)
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From page 50... ...
Although there are many things we still don't know for sure -- the timing, location, and extent of regional climate effects, the cost of doing something about them; the cost of not doing something about them; the consequences of the Kyoto agreement; we are increasingly sure that some major climate changes will occur. Indeed, we are already seeing evidence of climate changes and it will clearly have important, and likely adverse, effects on the hydrologic cycle and on the systems that have been built to provide us with clean drinking water supplies and with sanitation services.
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From page 51... ...
Contrary to conventional wisdom, which holds that we cannot depend on the individual household to disinfect its water, sometimes small-scale decentralized options are more reliable. Ultimately, a new paradigm will be adopted on a global scale only if it becomes established within the major funding institutions.
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From page 52... ...
recognizing that ingenuity is uni Peter Gleick versal and industrialized nations should not only assist developing nations as much as possible but also learn from them. South Africa, for example, has excelled at integrating ecological restoration and protection as a fundamental part of water policy.
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From page 53... ...
Similarly, developed countries have much to teach us about smallerscale community water systems, which have a long history but were largely pushed aside in the last century when the perception was that the developed world had all the answers. Many small-scale systems have proven to work at the community level -- and to work at high efficiency -- in the developing and developed worlds alike.
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