Review of the Research Program of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership First Report (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-11
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, followed by increasing use of advanced ICE hybrid electric vehicles and then, by 2015, enablement of the private sector to make a decision about the commercialization of fuel-cell-powered personal transportation vehicles that run on economically competitive hydrogen produced from a variety of energy sources. Research goals have been established for 2010 and 2015 that, if attained, promise to overcome the multiple high-risk barriers to achieving that vision.
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, · Fuel cell power systems, · Fuel cells, · Hydrogen storage systems, · Energy storage systems for hybrid vehicles, · Electric propulsion systems, · Hydrogen production and delivery systems, and · Materials for lightweight vehicles. There are 11 technical teams consisting of individuals from the national laboratories, the private sector, and the federal government: · Advanced combustion and emissions control, · Fuel cell systems, · Onboard hydrogen storage, · Electrochemical storage, · Electrical and electronics, · Materials, · Hydrogen production, · Hydrogen delivery, · Fuel/vehicle pathway integration, · Codes and standards, and · Systems engineering and analysis.
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The current report presents the committee's evaluation of DOE-sponsored research efforts directed at the goal of a hydrogen economy under the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership and offers comments and suggestions on the technical directions, strategies, funding, and management of the Partnership. Because The Hydrogen Economy report had just been published as the current committee was being constituted, with regard to the hydrogen technology parts of the Partnership, the committee reviewed just the plans of the three new hydrogen-fuelrelated technical teams (hydrogen production; hydrogen delivery; fuel/vehicle pathway integration)
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Even if the technical targets are met, transitioning from the current fuel infrastructure based on gasoline and diesel fuel to one based on hydrogen derived from a variety of sources will be a formidable social and economic challenge. The committee believes that research in support of this vision is justified by the potentially enormous beneficial impact for the nation.
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Recommendation. In view of the risk posed to the entire hydrogen program by the currently unmet need for a viable hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen storage technical team and the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership leadership team should report annually to all program participants, DOE, and Congress on the state of hydrogen storage technology worldwide relative to the goals and targets of the program.
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Hydrogen Fuel Production and Distribution Conclusion. The committee compliments DOE on rapidly implementing most of the recommendations from The Hydrogen Economy and encourages program managers to ensure that sufficient efforts go into developing technologies and resolving issues for the transition period.
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The committee believes that significant development efforts should be directed to distributed hydrogen production, including natural gas reforming and electrolysis as well as exploratory work on other distributed generation options. Conclusion.
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Recommendation. DOE should form a new, crosscutting safety technical team with a mission that includes broad hydrogen-related safety issues, not only for the Office of Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technology (HFCIT)
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This assessment should examine possible trade-offs between the individual goals of the fuel program and the vehicle program, as well as between short-term goals and long-term goals, and between energy sources, to guide future research priorities and, ultimately, national transportation energy policy. Program Balance and Funding Short- and Longer-Term Goals Conclusion.
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During the last 2 years, congressionally directed funding to specific recipients and activities has diverted resources from efforts focused on critical program goals, particularly in the hydrogen portion of the program. The committee believes this earmarking increases the risk of missing critical program milestones and targets, places high demands on DOE management time, and signals to the industry partners somewhat less than full government support for the program goals.
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The learning demonstrations program is very important to validate current component and systems concepts and to uncover previously unknown issues. Such demonstrations will establish many system and engineering parameters for a complete operating hydrogen supply and a fuel cell transportation system.
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