Review of the Research Program of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership First Report (2005) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 12-24
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From page 12... ...
Council for Automotive Research (USCAR) .1 The PNGV sought to significantly improve the nation's competitiveness in the manufacture of future generations of vehicles, to implement commercially viable innovations emanating from ongoing research on conventional vehicles, and to develop vehicles that achieve up to three times the fuel efficiency of comparable 1994 family sedans (NRC, 2001; PNGV, 1995; The White House, 1993)
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From page 13... ...
improved energy efficiency, and (4) hydrogen production and nationwide distribution infrastructure needed for vehicle and stationary power plants, to fuel both hydrogen internal combustion engines (ICEs)
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From page 14... ...
, · Fuel cell power systems, · Fuel cells, · Hydrogen storage systems, · Energy storage systems for hybrid vehicles, · Electric propulsion systems, · Materials for lightweight vehicles, and · Hydrogen production and delivery systems. These goals and the research related to their attainment will be discussed later in this report.
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From page 15... ...
The Fuel Operations Group, made up of DOE program managers and energy company directors, is responsible for the direction of the fuel technical teams. Periodically, the FreedomCAR Operations Group and the Fuel Operations Group hold joint meetings to coordinate fuel and power-plant issues and identify strategic or policy issues that warrant attention by the Executive Steering Group (DOE, 2004c)
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From page 16... ...
Three teams -- hydrogen production, hydrogen delivery, and fuel/ vehicle pathway integration -- each have members from the energy companies and DOE, and there are two joint technical teams connecting the fuel teams and the vehicle teams: an onboard hydrogen storage team and a codes and standards team. At DOE, primary responsibility for the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership rests with EERE.6 The two main program offices within EERE that are involved in the activities of the Partnership are the FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies (FCVT)
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From page 17... ...
The program is focused on · Overcoming technical barriers through R&D on hydrogen production, delivery, and storage technologies, as well as fuel cell technologies for transportation, distributed stationary power, and portable power appli cations; · Addressing safety concerns and developing model codes and standards; · Validating and demonstrating hydrogen fuel cells in real-world condi tions; and · Educating key stakeholders whose acceptance of these technologies is critical to their success in the marketplace (DOE, 2004a,b)
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From page 18... ...
Similarly, reduced sulfur in diesel fuel has been shown to reduce exhaust emissions significantly and also is essential for facilitating the introduction of advanced exhaust aftertreatment devices. Consequently, EPA has mandated the phase-in of low-sulfur diesel fuel commencing in 2006.
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From page 19... ...
ADVANCED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND FUELS Even in the most optimistic scenario postulated in the National Academies report The Hydrogen Economy, only 10 percent of new vehicles and 6 percent of the total miles traveled in 2024 are projected to be hydrogen-fueled fuel cell vehicles (NRC/NAE, 2004)
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From page 20... ...
The urgency of this task is amplified by the reality that with approximately 16 million new vehicles sold in the United States every year, it takes almost 15 years to turn over the national fleet of roughly 225 million vehicles. While much of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership activity is devoted to fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen fuel, further improvement in conventional ICEs and hybrid electric vehicles can contribute significantly to the goals of energy independence and reduced carbon emissions and should benefit from continued collaboration between industry engineers and the national laboratories in this area.
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From page 21... ...
The status of FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership efforts on ICE and emissions control development is discussed further in Chapter 3. ADVANCED FUEL CELL VEHICLES AND FUELS The basic concept of the fuel cell was invented in 1839, and attempts to apply it as a vehicle prime mover date back to the 1960s.
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From page 22... ...
Technical team activity in these areas is covered in detail in Chapter 3. While a major obstacle to the deployment of fuel cell vehicles is clearly the absence of a hydrogen fuel production and distribution infrastructure, work to address this has only recently begun.
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From page 23... ...
powertrain systems, electric drivetrain energy storage, material and manufacturing technologies, ICE powertrain systems operating on hydrogen (H) , fuel cell power systems, fuel cell systems (with fuel reformer)
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From page 24... ...
2004a. Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure: Multi-Year Research, Development and Dem onstration Plan.
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