Review of the Research Program of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership First Report (2005) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
2 Major Crosscutting Issues
2 Major Crosscutting Issues
Pages 25-49
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 25... ...
It focuses on specific technical areas in Chapters 3 and 4. PROGRAM DECISION MAKING Program Management and Organization As described in Chapter 1, most of the government programs on more efficient vehicle and engine technology, fuel cells, and hydrogen are in DOE, but some programs are in other agencies, such as the Department of Defense (DOD)
|
From page 26... ...
. The plan describes DOE's intended role in hydrogen energy R&D and its pursuit of an accelerated path to the deployment of hydrogen fuel cells, and the associated infrastructure.
|
From page 27... ...
For example, if substantial demand for electricity for hydrogen generation is anticipated, multisector energy perspectives and inputs will be necessary to assess the prospects for carbon capture and sequestration as well as the electricity generating requirements and the impact of hydrogen generation on natural gas demand. The committee feels that the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership management teams have not yet resolved how best to address these broader program assessment issues.
|
From page 28... ...
The working group should perform technology assessments in an appropriate systems framework; check targets and revise them if necessary; evaluate the broader impacts of the technologies being developed in the program on major problems such as overall fleet petroleum consumption and greenhouse gas emissions; and assess progress towards commercialization. While DOE has established a systems analysis capability to do much of this analysis, it is not clear whether or how it is planning to do so, nor does it appear to be adequately staffed to do so.
|
From page 29... ...
In summary, the committee commends DOE on progress to date in addressing the systems analysis issue and especially on its response to the recommendations in The Hydrogen Economy. The plans and the personnel in place appear sound, and the overall approach is robust.
|
From page 30... ...
30 ysis anal iousrav e Model "Systems of the ehiclev research best production, Cell dna the competitiv etc., Chalk, Fuel Cost er assess of models: S Analysis easibilityf choosing off to ydrogenh ucture in that orf ehiclev,y ations H2A TIAX o o er astr Example · SOURCE: Analysis economic infr processes Assists paths possibilities costs deliv configur · · Model H2 models: ansr Partnership.
|
From page 31... ...
31 ommitteec ehicleV the Systems Analysis to ials Mater oup Cell Gr Managers ehicleV Presentation Fuel Systems Directors amr and eamsT ical and mar OEM Prog Cell FreedomCAR echT Electr Electronics funding prog ehiclev introduction," systems Operations age DOE Fuel and Electro Energy Chemical Stor DOE and DOE combined analysis iate iate Group ustion on anced ts (FPITT) or Adv Engines Control Comb -Emissions sponsorship ate ing eff appropr "Systems orf appropr ucture the with collabor ehicle ations to roupg astr Chalk, Steer and infr task S
|
From page 32... ...
32 be 2 H $12.0M in to put to need and and models NEMS s in Comments ximately additional component, place personnel y plans FY05 y in ansition Appro for Ke place; analysts modeler identified Man element, tr PBA module plans = 2005. Status 24, ely , System.
|
From page 33... ...
The elements of the program include producing and maintaining a DOE Safety Plan, a best engineering practices document for hydrogen systems, and extensive support for the development of national and international codes and standards that will allow the deployment of the hydrogen infrastructure and hydrogen-fueled vehicles. The Hydrogen Safety Review Panel (HSRP)
|
From page 34... ...
There are just two federal employees working in the DOE headquarters Safety, Codes and Standards program. DOE and USCAR set up a codes and standards technical team about a year ago.
|
From page 35... ...
(SBIR, overarching analysis, international activities) 483,600 Total 6,200,000 NOTE: ANSI, American National Standards Institute; ASME, American Society of Mechanical Engineers; HAMMER, Hazardous Materials Management and Emergency Response facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; ICC, International Codes Council; NFPA, National Fire Protection Association; NHA, National Hydrogen Association; NHTSA, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; RSPA, Research and Special Projects Administration; SAE, Society of Automotive Engineers; SRI, Stanford Research Institute; SBIR, Small Business Innovation Research program.
|
From page 36... ...
, this will constitute another major infrastructural barrier to the widespread deployment of hydrogen cars. It would be desirable for all the other technical teams involved with hydrogen to designate a safety person as a liaison to the safety technical team, which should provide safety guidance to the other technical teams.
|
From page 37... ...
. A NHTSA representative is appropriately included on the codes and standards technical team, and the codes and standards roadmap includes a number of vehicle safety deliverables; it does not, however, include all the important milestones from the NHTSA R&D plan.
|
From page 38... ...
Publication, Openness, and Safety Documents Safety is an overriding consideration for the successful transition to a hydrogen economy based on hydrogen-fueled vehicles. An excellent safety record is essential for public acceptance of hydrogen vehicles.
|
From page 39... ...
LEARNING DEMONSTRATION: NATIONAL HYDROGEN VEHICLE/INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM The FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership includes a variety of R&D and demonstration activities for fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen fuel systems. Approximately 13 percent of the FY05 budget for the program was focused on demonstration activities, and what DOE calls learning demonstrations that will operate
|
From page 40... ...
Thus the learning demonstration program should be considered an essential component of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership. Rather than attempting to demonstrate that these technologies are commercially ready, the program will collect and analyze the experience of the early adopters of hydrogen vehicles and fuels infrastructure technologies in order to inform the research programs.
|
From page 41... ...
This was an important step that enabled the program to tap the expertise and judgment of people in the energy field. The committee commends the energy companies for the progress that they have made in establishing technical teams and engaging the important fuel-related issues.
|
From page 42... ...
The framework embodies three premises: · That high-risk, precompetitive research can expand the technical options available to the participating automotive and energy companies; · That the effectiveness of this precompetitive research will be increased by a more thorough understanding of the realities of the marketplace; and · That focused channels of communication among these companies as well as between them and the DOE research programs can accelerate the appli cation of this new technology to meet public goals in a competitive mar ketplace.
|
From page 43... ...
Achieving this result can be a major challenge. Many large companies have experienced difficulty in transitioning even their internal research results to commercial products.
|
From page 44... ...
, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) -- must compete successfully with the market incumbent, the conventional ICE vehicle with a mechanical drive train.
|
From page 45... ...
consumers have become accustomed to, and the cost goals are meant to achieve vehicle cost parity. If, especially during the transition period, fuel cell vehicles cost more than vehicles using the competing technologies, policy interventions might be used to facilitate the transition, moderating its targets and speeding the introduction of the new technologies into the marketplace.
|
From page 46... ...
However, fuel economy standards offer no incentive for further innovation once the standards have been achieved. And because they operate only on the supply side of the market, they have no influence on driver behavior, miles traveled, or other important aspects of fuel consumption (NRC, 2002)
|
From page 47... ...
, fossil fuels (with sequestration) , sustainably grown biomass, nuclear power plants, or hydroelectric dams.5 Although hydrogen itself poses little environmental threat when it is oxidized to water in a fuel cell, the same cannot be said for most of the primary energy sources that would be used in its production.
|
From page 48... ...
Washington, D.C.: Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technologies Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Available on the Web at |
From page 49... ...
2004. NHTSA's Four-Year Plan for Hydrogen, Fuel Cell and Alternative Fuel Vehicle Safety Research.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.