Review of the Research Program of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership First Report (2005) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
4 Hydrogen Production, Delivery, and Dispensing
4 Hydrogen Production, Delivery, and Dispensing
Pages 86-96
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 86... ...
As discussed in Chapter 1 and as indicated in Chapter 5, Table 5-1, HFI's hydrogen technology R&D incorporates the activities of the Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technology (HFCIT) program except those focused on proton exchange membrane (PEM)
|
From page 87... ...
· Increased emphasis should be placed on breakthrough research in on vehicle hydrogen storage systems, fuel cell cost and performance, and photoelectrochemical hydrogen processes. In addition, efforts on distrib uted -- at the filling station -- hydrogen generation technologies should be increased to support the early introduction of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles into the market.
|
From page 88... ...
Recognizing that changes in large, complex programs necessarily occur at a measured pace, the committee nevertheless recommends special attention to three areas: the transition from the current ICE/fuels infrastructure to a nascent hydrogen economy; on-vehicle hydrogen storage; and carbon capture and sequestration. Specific recommendations on hydrogen production, delivery, and dispensing activities in the FreedomCAR and Fuel Program are offered in other sections of this chapter.
|
From page 89... ...
It established a set of principles to shape its effort. One of the most important principles is this: "Targets for the cost of hydrogen from energy source to vehicle should be pathway independent." In addition, the team has developed a framework to evolve the hydrogen program technical targets and addressed difficulties in using current DOE technical targets to assess complete hydrogen fuel pathways.
|
From page 90... ...
The committee recommends as follows: · That DOE further focus the achievements of the fuel/vehicle pathway integration team by placing greater emphasis on the hydrogen transition in its systems analysis work; · That the results of this systems analysis work be used to assist in identify ing needs for the development of codes and standards and for the training of local zoning officials and emergency responders; and · That DOE apply its systems capabilities to analyze whether the cost goals for hydrogen production, established for a mature hydrogen economy, are appropriate for the transition. HYDROGEN PRODUCTION The hydrogen production goals assume that U.S.
|
From page 91... ...
The volume of hydrogen demand will not be great enough to support central production, and distributed production might not achieve the fuel savings and carbon capture of the ultimate solutions. The reason to start with distributed stations is to get the number of hydrogen-fueled fuel cell vehicles large enough to justify centralized production.
|
From page 92... ...
. Representatives from FE and NE should be added to the fuel/vehicle pathway integration and hydrogen production technical teams, and FE and NE should be linked closely with systems analysis efforts in the Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technology program.
|
From page 93... ...
Another issue is that there must be tremendous subsurface capacity to be able to handle the high volumes of CO2 that will be generated over the next several millennia, and they must be able to trap the CO2 for hundreds of years. While most oil and natural gas reservoirs probably have sufficient trapping capability, they probably have a CO2 capacity of only a few decades to about 100 years.4 Saline aquifers and/or deep ocean storage will most likely be required, and very little is known about their suitability.
|
From page 94... ...
For example, what would be the best location for a coal plant relative to the associated hydrogen filling stations, the CO2 sequestration sites, and the coal supply? Successfully dealing with the need for carbon sequestration is critically important to making coal and natural gas acceptable energy sources in a carbonconstrained world.
|
From page 95... ...
The system weight and volume requirements for production, delivery, and dispensing of hydrogen are not as constrained as they are for onboard vehicle hydrogen storage. Storage losses, energy efficiency, and rapid dispensing are shared needs that will need focus as new hydrogen storage materials and processes emerge.
|
From page 96... ...
As discussed in Chapter 2, the learning demonstration programs are very important to validate current component and systems concepts and to uncover previously unknown issues. They will establish many system and engineering parameters for a complete operating hydrogen supply and fuel cell transportation system, especially for addressing the interfaces between the vehicle and the hydrogen fueling appliance, and between the appliance and the on-site production and/or refueling system.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.