Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities (2005) / Chapter Skim
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6 Opportunities for Improved Chemical Agent Monitoring
6 Opportunities for Improved Chemical Agent Monitoring
Pages 64-73
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From page 64... ...
. Agent PRESENT MONITORING NEEDS AND CAPABILITIES release from a misidentified munition containing a different The chemical agents stored and processed at stockpile agent therefore might not be detected by the monitors, sites were designed for use in warfare and therefore have the although it might be detected by inspection.
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From page 65... ...
SOURCE: Committee on Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities, 2004.
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From page 66... ...
Accidents so severe that they have potential for Recommendation 6-1. Continued incremental improve off-site impact are limited to scenarios in which large ments in the current airborne chemical agent monitoring quantities of agent might be released in a short period systems at chemical stockpile storage and demilitarization of time.
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From page 67... ...
there has been only one documented indication that fence- The NRC report Evaluation of Chemical Events at Army line concentrations have ever exceeded the GPL level. In Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities examines a series of that case, a ton container of HD in the outdoor storage area at agent-related incidents that have occurred at stockpile facilithe Deseret Chemical Depot in Utah leaked about 80 gallons ties (NRC, 2002a)
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From page 68... ...
68 MONITORING AT CHEMICAL AGENT DISPOSAL FACILITIES TABLE 6-2 QRA Public Risk Estimates for Three Sites TABLE 6-4 Airborne Exposure Limits (AELs) (2005 values)
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From page 69... ...
OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVED CHEMICAL AGENT MONITORING 69 TABLE 6-5 One Percent Lethality Doses for Agents and In the QRAs for ANCDF, TOCDF, and UMCDF, simple Exposure Times at IDLH Limit spills of liquid appear significant only with respect to worker risk, since the vaporization rates from spills produce conAgent Type 1% Lethality Dose Time (min) at IDLH to Give centrations of airborne agents that will be highly diluted (mg-min/m3)
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From page 70... ...
A careful review of portable air troscopy and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. monitoring equipment now used to protect storage area As demonstrated in Chapter 5, in order to have fast workers should be conducted to evaluate the role that such enough response times and sufficient sensitivity for the equipment might play in responding to major disasters with relevant chemical agents, Fourier transform infrared systems the potential for off-site impact.
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From page 71... ...
In general, these systems will be too large for TECHNICAL AND COMMERCIAL MATURITY OF mobile deployment, and a single system can cover only a PROSPECTIVE MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES limited area, even with multiple open-path target mirrors or sampling lines into a multipass gas cell. Its utility for large- Potential supplemental chemical agent monitoring roles plume-release detection and quantification seems limited, at chemical demilitarization facilities have been identified since FT-IR systems would need to be deployed relatively for two specific innovative real-time monitoring technolonear potential release points to avoid using a large number of gies: open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and units, although one organization has promoted this chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
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From page 72... ...
In the committee's opinion, this chemical agents are not designated by the EPA as either cri- means that new monitoring technology needs to be develteria pollutants or controlled air toxic species, maximum oped and convincingly demonstrated within 2 to 3 years and achievable control technology (MACT) rules do not apply to acquired and integrated within 4 years if it is to have a subtheir emission control or emission monitoring technologies.
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From page 73... ...
1996. Detection of Chemical Agents by U.S.
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