Expanding Access to Research Data Reconciling Risks and Opportunities (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A Workshop Summary
Appendix A Workshop Summary
Pages 95-115
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APPENDIX A Workshop Summary ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA: ASSESSING RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES OCTOBER 16-17, 2003 The panel held a workshop early in its deliberations to hear from experts about how microdata can best be made available to researchers while protecting respondent confidentiality. The workshop goals were to generate information for the panel's use and to provide a venue for the papers commissioned by the panel to be presented and discussed in a public forum.
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96 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA Appendix. The papers are available electronically (www7.
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APPENDIX A 97 closure risks associated with access to microdata and also to the question of what if any harms have come to participants as a result of the disclosure of the information they provided to government agencies. The second day of the workshop focused on ways of dealing with potentially conflicting goals -- information utility and confidentiality protection.
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98 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA divergence of opinion about how detailed informed consent agreements should or could be. Some participants articulated the view that McMillen's prescriptions would lead to a serious decrease in the utility and value of government-collected microdata.
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APPENDIX A 99 searchers to disclose confidential data received from federal government sources. It identifies the two kinds of private interests that warrant shielding data from disclosure and the sources of law that prohibit disclosure of data identified as confidential by the government agency from which it was received.
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100 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA sive clarification about the specifications of CIPSEA. She noted that CIPSEA is the culmination of the work of not just four Congresses, but also almost 25 years of work by her, her predecessors as chief statistician of the U.S.
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APPENDIX A 101 associated with them. The RDC system stems from the desire to permit access to confidential data sets housed at the U.S.
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102 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA Center for Health Statistics, the National Center for Education Statistics, and the Census Bureau. The paper reviews the type of methodology used in each of the systems because the methodology influences the kinds of access and results given to users.
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APPENDIX A 103 William Seltzer and Margo Anderson presented the paper, "Government Statistics and Individual Safety: Revisiting the Historical Record of Disclosure, Harm and Risk," which examines the sparse but important historical record of disclosure, harm, and risk. In the broadest terms, the paper has two interrelated objectives: presentation of a body of facts and presentation of a reconceptualization of a number of the issues related to disclosure and statistical confidentiality in order to understand the implications of the facts assembled.
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104 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA data? Do multiple imputations provide proper balance between data confidentiality and accessibility?
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APPENDIX A 105 analysis on the synthetic data. Then the differences between their results could be compared.
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106 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA searchers and often a barrier to sharing the data, it may have little effect on practice for the simple reason that if nobody generates data, everybody will soon be out of business. Bailar's second proposition was that the people who are good at generating data are not always the best at analyzing the data.
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APPENDIX A 107 tant contributions to policy debates about regulatory activities if more data can be made available. · Matching.
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For replication, and for secondary analysis of all sorts, researchers and data producers need funding to enable them to archive their data in a usable form. Trivellore Raghunathan added the point that the current situation with data sharing is much better in social science than in medical science, where the prevailing attitude seems to be that "it is my data, and I have a 25-year plan for the data analysis, and only after the data-analysis plan is exhausted can I think about sharing the data." He said he finds it disturbing that policy decisions can be made on the basis of some data analyses, but researchers and others cannot verify and replicate the findings that underpin those decisions.
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APPENDIX A 109 · When data are shared with the research community, it will actively involve researchers in the problems confronting the nation and policy makers. Barquin outlined a framework for how government agencies can attempt to balance the privacy concerns of the individual with the societal good generated from the use of data, offering three guidelines.
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110 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA · it promotes development of a core constituency: the funding of a statistical agency depends on the development of a constituency and greater use of data, which includes the creation of new products from existing data and fosters a broader constituency beyond those who directly have access to the data. There are three costs of microdata use that must be weighed against the benefits of providing access.
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APPENDIX A 111 Hurd noted that one omission from both papers is the role of training and education. Researchers ought to be trained in ethics, but they also ought to be continually trained in proper procedures, so that they are aware that this is a serious issue.
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112 EXPANDING ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA PAPERS AND PARTICIPANTS Authors and Papers John M Abowd and Julia Lane, "The Economics of Data Confidentiality" John Bailar, "The Role of Data Access in Scientific Replication" Ramon Barquin and Clayton Northouse, "Data Collection and Analysis: Balancing Individual Rights and Societal Benefits" Charles Brown, "The Value of Longitudinal Data for Public Policy Deci sions that Have Been Taken over Time" Andrew Hildreth, "The Census Research Data Center Network: Problems, Possibilities and Precedents" David McMillen, "Privacy, Confidentiality, and Data Sharing" Henry H
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APPENDIX A 113 the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan whose research focuses on a wide range of topics in empirical labor economics.
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Eleanor Singer (panel chair) is a research professor at the Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan.
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APPENDIX A 115 Katherine Wallman is chief statistician at the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.
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