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Basic Research in Information Science and Technology for Air Force Needs (2006) / Chapter Skim
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5 Basic Research for Air Force Information Management and Integration
Pages 60-68

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From page 60...
... The need for this technology arises in finding and tracking, command and control, decision support for situation assessment, counterintelligence, and public affairs. For example, finding and tracking require integrating data from large numbers of sensors and fusing them into actionable information.
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From page 61...
... For example, public relations challenges might require quickly searching and correlating information across many data sources, only some of which may be owned by the Air Force and many of which have not been integrated at the time the search request is issued. Influence operations might rely on very fast unearthing of information about particular individuals (e.g., a leader of a threatening group)
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From page 62...
... MAJOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES FOR AIR FORCE IS&T A central issue in the ubiquitous deployment of IT is the efficient and effective use of the large variety and large quantities of data that can be acquired, transmitted, and stored. In the specific area of national defense, both human and automated decision makers must rapidly sort through voluminous multimedia data and fuse disparate sources to create knowledge.
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From page 63...
... The former situa tion indicates that no action is required but the latter is ambiguous. · A system that handles more expressive subscription rules can be more selective in identifying events of interest to battlefield com manders and can reduce the cognitive load on commanders by tracking the state of partially satisfied subscriptions.
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From page 64...
... · The system must have some "intelligence" to take context into account when interpreting subscription rules. For example, a user's information needs can vary tremendously depending on external conditions -- for example, whether a battle is ongoing, whether other elements of the chain of command are online, and whether other information sources are operational.
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From page 65...
... Given appropriate digital representations of multimodal signal sets, it is also important to find new ways to search for desired information and to aggregate that information into a convenient form. This means that basic digital signal processing topics such as signal enhancement, signal modeling, redundancy removal, and feature extraction will continue to be important fundamental research topics.
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From page 66...
... RECOMMENDED BASIC RESEARCH IN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND INTEGRATION Following are areas of information management and integration functionality that are important for future Air Force systems and are either beyond the state of the art and require basic research or are areas where progress has been slow and could be sped up by additional research initiatives: · Large-scale sensor networks need to support queries, because it is often infeasible to send all sensor data to a central location to process queries. Research is needed to understand where to place query-processing functionality when nodes have limited power, limited computing capability, and limited network bandwidth and connectivity.
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From page 67...
... · Database system mechanisms are needed to deduce the degree of certainty of query results as a function of the uncertainty of the raw data, under appropriate probabilistic models. Uncertainty may arise, for example, from measurement errors, incomplete structure, imprecise knowledge of the location where a measurement was made, data cleaning of raw data, or conflicting data from different sources.
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From page 68...
... · The data that flow through such distributed systems are subject to the same integration problems described above for information management. For example, identifying errors, cleaning the data, fusing data from multiple sources into a coherent view, and track ing data lineage are all relevant to data flowing through a distrib uted system.
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Key Terms

  • information management
  • machine learning
  • information sources
  • information operations
  • signal sets

  • multimodal signal
  • raw data
  • inconsistent data
  • coherent view
  • influence operations

  • information domain
  • conflicting data
  • input data
  • force distributed
  • major information

  • battlespace information
  • require basic
  • digital signal
  • signal enhancement
  • arbitrary data

  • fusing data
  • data cleaning
  • multimedia data
  • signal modes
  • basic digital

  • sensor data
  • data flowing
  • signal modeling
  • decision support
  • data types


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