Identification of Promising Naval Aviation Science and Technology Opportunities (2006) / Chapter Skim
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2 Strategic and Technology Planning and Disruptive Capabilities for Naval Aviation
2 Strategic and Technology Planning and Disruptive Capabilities for Naval Aviation
Pages 14-26
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From page 14... ...
ONR's role in developing the necessary naval aviation technology for the future is thus extremely important to the success of Naval Power 21. The committee received much information indicating that ONR has many S&T programs under way that are aimed at important aviation issues.
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What is offered in this report is only illustrative of both the process and the possible outcome. NAVAL POWER 21 Sea Power 212 and Marine Corps Strategy 21,3 jointly referred to as Naval Power 21,4 offer a farsighted, aggressive, challenging vision of future naval warfare, well beyond the reach of current U.S.
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long-dwell sensors, covert strike, knowledge enhancement systems, unmanned combat air vehicles, hypersonic missiles, electromagnetic rail guns, and Ship-to-Objective Maneuver (STOM) ,5 the centerpiece of the Marine Corps's capstone Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare concept, another disruptive capability with severe logistics, communications, and firepower support challenges.
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From page 17... ...
The Strategic Studies Group XXIII, which reports directly to the Chief of Naval Operations and is tasked with generating revolutionary concepts for future naval war fighting, came to a similar conclusion in its December 2004 report entitled Beyond Maritime Supremacy -- Transforming Maritime Forces for the Global Fight Against Terrorism, recommending changes in policy, processes, organizational structure, resource allocation, and doctrine to implement the necessary actions.8 SOME DISRUPTIVE CAPABILITIES Based on its understanding of the challenges implicit or explicit in Naval Power 21, the committee selected a subset of seven disruptive capabilities that seem particularly important for future naval aviation: · Multispectral defense, · Unmanned air operations, · Hypersonic weapons delivery, · Fast-kill weapons, · Heavy-lift air transport, 7See footnote 1 in this chapter. 8ADM James R
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Each can be traced directly to at least one of the four components of Naval Power 21 -- Sea Strike, Sea Shield, Sea Basing, and FORCEnet. Table 2.1 summarizes these relationships.
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UAVs currently provide reconnaissance, intelligence gathering, and surveillance with flight vehicles of various sizes serving in a variety of roles. Small, back-packable, hand-launched UAVs can provide a unit on maneuvers with images of its immediate surroundings; intermediate-sized UAVs suitable for transport in a single vehicle for forward basing typically carry electrooptical sensors to provide reconnaissance in some depth, or suitable for ship basing to provide area surveillance; and large, high-altitude, long-endurance UAVs with extensive sensor payloads provide broad surveillance across an area of operations.
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From page 20... ...
In 2000, the National Research Council's Committee on Uninhabited Air Vehicles identified opportunities for research on crosscutting UAV subsystem technologies.9 To realize the vision of Naval Power 21, UAVs must be affordable; must have sufficient range, endurance, and payload to meet the missions of Sea Strike and Sea Shield; and must have highly integrated airframes, propulsion systems, sensors, communication, self-protection, and weapons. They must be completely integrated into the networked war-fighting system (FORCEnet)
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From page 21... ...
Air-breathing hypersonic vehicles obtain thrust through a portion of their flight trajectory by burning a fuel with oxygen obtained from the atmosphere, thus gaining a weight advantage by avoiding having to carry an oxidizer and the systems to contain and control it. Air breathing implies operation in the atmosphere during a vehicle's propulsive flight phase, which presents combustion system and thermal management challenges.
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From page 22... ...
Very high velocity ballistic systems, such as electromagnetic rail guns, coil guns, and gas guns, are other examples of potentially applicable, less-than-thespeed-of-light technologies with advantages and technological risks different from those of hypersonic weapons, but with significant disruptive capability. Heavy-Lift Air Transport12 The Marine Corps component of Sea Strike, STOM, depends critically on an ability to move both personnel and equipment on and off a sea-based platform to shore positions many hundreds of nautical miles inland with the same speed and volume as can be achieved using land transportation.
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From page 23... ...
This capability would provide the pilot with instant access to all aircraft navigation, communications, sensor, display, self-defense, and weapons systems as well as automate many of the functions and lower-level decisions that the pilot makes today to enhance situational awareness and avoid information overload. Ultimately, a combat information management system of the future could be envisioned, for the most part, to be "autonomic," that is, to run in the background, with little or no overt crew intervention needed.
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Examples include vastly improved reliability of systems as a result of condition monitoring and maintenance as needed (Sea Basing) ; awareness of all significant objects, friend and foe, in an area of interest (Sea Shield and Sea Strike)
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From page 25... ...
· The strategic S&T planning processes of both the Army and the Air Force contain much that the committee believes could help the Navy in its planning process. RECOMMENDATIONS · To enable the capabilities for naval aviation operations as envisioned in Naval Power 21, the Chief of Naval Research, in partnership with NAVAIR, should lead the development of a naval aviation strategic S&T plan.
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From page 26... ...
Technological progress and investment levels should be tracked each year for every major and minor technology category. · As ONR develops a naval aviation strategic S&T plan, consideration should be given to the following disruptive aviation capabilities, each of which can be traced to at least one of the four components -- Sea Shield, Sea Strike, Sea Basing, and FORCEnet -- of Naval Power 21: -- Multispectral defense, -- Unmannned air operations, -- Hypersonic weapons delivery, -- Fast-kill weapons, -- Heavy-lift air transport, -- Intelligent combat information management, and -- Omniscient intelligence.
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