The Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster Implications for U.S. and Global Disaster Reduction and Preparedness: Summary of the June 21, 2005 Workshop of the Disasters Roundtable (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Summary of the June 21, 2005 Workshop of the Disasters Roundtable
Summary of the June 21, 2005 Workshop of the Disasters Roundtable
Pages 1-10
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From page 1... ...
The economic and structural damage caused by the Indian Ocean tsunami highlight the acute vulnerability of poorer communities in developing nations to natural hazards. It is important for all societies to address issues of social inequity to ensure that disadvantaged groups are not exposed to greater environmental risks than others, as is too often the case in many nations.
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According to Lynett, Sumatra received little advance warning of the oncoming tsunami; ground tremors were quickly followed 15 minutes later by tsunami waves that exceeded 30 meters in height. He reported that following the initial landfall in Sumatra, Thailand and Sri Lanka had only 90- and 120-minute lead times, respectively, before the arrival of the tsunami's waves.
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Cluff noted that there were many of these survival stories of "miraculous emergency response." Social and Behavioral Aspects Staff members of the University of North Texas and the University of Delaware's Disaster Research Center (DRC) , including assistant professor of sociology Tricia Wachtendorf, were part of a team of social science researchers that traveled to India and Sri Lanka to collect perishable data -- that would be difficult or impossible to gather after significant time had passed -- on the social impacts of the tsunami disaster.
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Fearing potential fires, the Indian and Sri Lankan governments wanted villagers to occupy housing constructed with metal roofs and siding rather than thatched roofing. Wachtendorf reported that the Disaster Mitigation Institute, a mitigation and relief organization in the region, brokered a compromise to build structures with metal siding and thatched roofing to allow heat to escape the dwellings without posing a huge fire risk.
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Session III: Facing the Tsunami Risk in the United States and Abroad The United States has traditionally responded to tsunami events in the Pacific Ocean by creating warning centers, as evidenced by the establishment of the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center following the tsunami of 1946 that damaged Hilo, Hawaii, and the creation of the Alaska Tsunami Warning Center in 1965 following the 1964 earthquake. Eddie Bernard, director of NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, described tsunamis as low-probability, high-impact events.
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Its role in the tsunami program is to provide seismic data to NOAA quickly in a format that can be readily understood. NOAA, which has primary responsibility for providing tsunami warnings to the nation and assumes a leadership role in tsunami observations and research, monitors the oceanographic warning systems or Deep Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis Stations (DARTs)
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This is difficult but critical for predicting potential fast moving tsunamis, according to Devine; 4. upgrade key global seismic network stations to allow real time information into the earthquake information center for more rapid determination of earthquake characteristics so that they can better advise NOAA on the potential for a tsunami; and 5.
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This program will work with the Oregon State University's updated tsunami research program, which was funded by the National Science Foundation. The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 requires states and localities to develop and submit hazard mitigation plans to FEMA in order to be eligible for FEMA grant funding.
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Arnold added that the World Bank can have a greater impact if it better integrates disaster risk management as an integral part of all its development efforts. In the discussions that followed the panel, participants raised concerns about conducting disaster response efforts in areas in political turmoil.
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From page 10... ...
EERI, 2005. The Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 26, 2004, Tsunami Survey in Sri Lanka (Insert)
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