Mining Safety and Health Research at NIOSH Reviews of Research Programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (2007) / Chapter Skim
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14 Review of Surveillance, Training, and Intervention Effectiveness Research
14 Review of Surveillance, Training, and Intervention Effectiveness Research
Pages 173-187
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From page 173... ...
STRATEgIC gOALS AND OBjECTIvES Surveillance is an essential component for the identification in health and safety areas that require attention and for the evaluation of program effectiveness. The strategic goal dealing with surveillance, training, and intervention effectiveness in the Mining Program is to "determine the impact of changing mining conditions, new and emerging technologies, and the changing patterns of work on worker health and safety." Fortunately, the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
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From page 174... ...
The most effective of these can impact on worker health and safety mitigating adverse impacts are issued over the then be considered for adoption in the United next 5 years States and other countries 3. Examine emerging technologies for NIOSH sponsored two recent major studies This is a low-level effort given the relatively slow potential health and safety benefits and of emerging technologies by RAND Corp.
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From page 175... ...
Reduce injuries and illnesses caused by This goal will be achieved if the impacts This goal will be facilitated if an improved chemical hazards found in mining by of the changes have been identified and injury, disease, and illness database for the conducting epidemiologic studies that recommendations for mitigating adverse mining industry is developed by 2008. Exposure track disease and illness impacts are issued over the next 10 years monitoring of physical and chemical agents and evaluation of physiologic or toxicologic responses to these exposures should be used to supplement the disease and illness database for identification of hazardous work processes aSOURCE: NIOSH, 2005a.
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From page 176... ...
. Exposure monitoring, including but not limited to industrial hygiene sampling and heat stress evaluation, should be used as part of the surveillance system to identify potential health risks.At present, there are no intermediate goals related to training, which should be a component of all strategic goals.
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From page 177... ...
Two of the projects presented do not fall easily within any of the intermediate goals. Since the surveillance research has not been carried out to determine which exposures or work processes in the mining industry have the greatest potential to lead to adverse health effects (other than dust and noise exposure)
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From page 178... ...
It would be better and experience-specific injury to create a sustainable annual data rates by cause and other risk collection process factors Surveillance 1 Provide surveillance services, Relevant -- but should be Should support the intervention of Mine Safety data management, and outcome combined into a larger effectiveness evaluations of other Hazards evaluation guidance to SRL surveillance program with research programs and demonstrate researchers to help ensure that the focus of improving the responsiveness to stakeholder research decisions and directions usefulness of the MSHA database questions are evidence based and in in a sustainable fashion and agreement with NIOSH goals and identifying hazardous exposures stakeholder priorities and injury, illness, and disease clusters
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From page 179... ...
Involved clearly produced, seminars have been held defined stakeholder input. Could for safety and health professionals benefit by staff review of new and on-the-job trainers, and an research on the issues of worker on-the-job training program has empowerment, worker control been created to improve transfer or lack of control in education of information from experienced and training, and technological miners to new employees changes and new forms of work organization that are significantly changing working conditions Disseminating 4 Develop methods for indexing Highly relevant -- the Internet Too preliminary to report research Safety and content on the Mining Program is an efficient channel for the outputs Health web site to improve customer dissemination of information; Interventions via access to that information information design principles the Internet can improve the appearance, readability, search efficiency, and information-seeking satisfaction of web site users.
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From page 180... ...
A and Technical that allows researchers to identify control, and illness or disease mechanism should be identified to Assistance latent or emerging hazards questions posed by specific share findings with other companies companies and helps provide NIOSH access to mine sites that might not otherwise be available. Would benefit from a system for choosing which problems to undertake.
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From page 181... ...
Should have a focus on concentrations in mining industries, especially welding welding-related exposures and workplaces accurately, and with manganese or stainless and disease, including exposure to (4) communicate the health confined space welding manganese and Parkinson's disease, effects associated with chemical which would also require evaluation exposures of workers of retired miners Chemical 6 Evaluate the feasibility of using Same as above Complementary to Chemical Hazards in Coal two existing information sources Hazards in Mining project Mining created pursuant to MSHA and Environmental Protection Agency regulations to update estimates of coal miners' exposure to hazardous chemicals Health Does not fit Provide health communications Highly relevant given the Has preliminary data suggesting Communications intermediate services and guidance to SRL current turnover in the mining the value of its general approach Program goals and PRL researchers to facilitate workforce.
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From page 182... ...
In some projects, the role of stakeholder input is less clear. REvIEW OF RESEARCH OUTPUTS Since 1995, there has been significant output by those working on surveillance, training, and intervention effectiveness research within the Mining Program.
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From page 183... ...
At the very least, surveys could be carried out with industry partners to determine how many were aware of specific outputs and if they had implemented any of the recommended changes. REvIEW OF TRANSFER ACTIvITIES Members of the committee agree that the Mining Program has stimulated major changes in the way mine safety and health training has been practiced since 1977, including greater emphasis on collaborative and active problem-solving learning, greater realism in training scenarios, greater fidelity of visual illustrations, and greater use of authenticated and field-tested training materials.
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From page 184... ...
This should include improving MSHA surveil lance through collection of denominator data, development of specific surveillance goals in concert with strategic partnerships, collection of the data necessary to determine the effectiveness of each intervention, and collaboration with interna tional partners to better harmonize data collection. The current intermediate goals all focus on surveillance, yet the five potential intermediate outcomes pertinent to this strategic goal, as described by the Mining Program to the committee, relate predominantly to training: 1.
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From page 185... ...
. REvIEW OF END OUTCOMES Several surveillance, training, and intervention effectiveness research activities in the Mining Program are too new to have measurable end outcomes at this time.
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From page 186... ...
Surveillance and determi nation of intervention effectiveness are essential highest-priority components of a mining research program. Although the Mining Program is also engaged in transfer activities within this specific strategic goal, additional work is needed to create a better surveillance system.
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From page 187... ...
The identification of disease and injury incidence related to workplace exposures would help to indicate where application of resources could achieve the best results. Research into the effectiveness of Mining Program training and educational programs is also necessary.
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