Smart Prosthetics Exploring Assistive Devices for the Body and Mind: Task Group Summaries (2007) / Chapter Skim
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Refine Technologies to Create Active Orthotic Devices
Refine Technologies to Create Active Orthotic Devices
Pages 45-52
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From page 45... ...
designed to keep the foot and ankle at 90° to optimize foot contact and prevent foot drop in swing phase. The thermoplastic AFO is often designed with an articulating element between the foot and shank segments, thus allowing the patient some ankle motion.
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From page 46... ...
Actuators include series elastic actuators already introduced in an orthosis to enhance knee extension and potentially allow stair climbing for persons with weakness. Fuel-power artificial muscles relying on electric and most recently chemical power sources are awaiting implementation in orthoses.
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:234-241. TASK GROUP SUMMARY Summary written by: Alla Katsnelson, Graduate Science Writing Student, University of California, Santa Cruz Task group members: • Mark Abel, Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Pediatrics, Motor Analysis and Motor Performance Laboratory, University of Virginia • Andrew Alleyne, Ralph and Catherine Fisher Professor of Engineering, Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinos at UrbanaChampaign • John L
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From page 48... ...
Iversen, Vice President of Research and Development, Motion Control Inc. • Alla Katsnelson, Graduate Science Writing Student, University of California, Santa Cruz • Homayoon Kazerooni, Professor, Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley Summary Imagine two patients who present themselves to an esteemed rehabilitation specialist.
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From page 49... ...
Because actuator technology remains heavy and weak, the energy storage concepts of categories 1 and 2 may provide insight into more efficient methods to accomplish category 3. Category 2 in particular requires an
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From page 50... ...
Other approaches, too, should be designed to solve a specific clinical problem, he said: "I'm trying to avoid developing a screwdriver and then looking for a screw." Mark Abel, an orthopedic surgeon at the University of Virginia, showed a series of videos demonstrating movement deficits of children from his practice. In one, a boy with muscular dystrophy teetered forward on his weak legs unassisted.
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Vigorous debate focused on the need to harness advances achieved in other fields. Orthotics is a deeply underfunded area -- one group member
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From page 52... ...
One crucial aspect of this, noted Kevin Granata, a biomechanics researcher at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, is that too little is yet known about the mechanics of walking in able-bodied people to predict the signals such a controller should use. In a person with neuromuscular conditions, muscle recruitment and movements are often dysfunctional, so the movement patterns recorded from the patient cannot be used as a reliable reference to control a smart orthosis.
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