Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers (2007) / Chapter Skim
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2 Overview of Engineered Barrier Systems
2 Overview of Engineered Barrier Systems
Pages 11-20
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From page 11... ...
Major inherent resistance to advective and/or diffusive transport federal statutes governing waste containment systems are of contaminants through them. An effective resistive barrier summarized in Table 2.1.
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From page 12... ...
transport: the zeolites retain the radioactive isotopes while Capacitive barriers function by retaining contaminants or radioactive decay processes reduce their potential impacts. contaminant transport media by sorption processes or reten- Advective barriers rely on advective flow to control the tion in pore spaces.
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From page 13... ...
for cover systems on similar mechanisms and employ similar components. prescribed by regulation (i.e., composite or compacted clay Vertical barrier wall systems are generally resistive barriers covers)
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aSSESSmENT Of ThE pERfORmaNCE Of ENgiNEEREd waSTE CONTaiNmENT baRRiERS BoX 2.1 geosynthetic Barrier system components Over approximately the past 20 years, the use of components manufactured from synthetic polymeric materials, termed geosynthetics, has become commonplace in geotechnical engineering. Geosynthetics are often supplied in rolls 4.6 m wide and 30 to 60 m long (Koerner, 2005)
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From page 15... ...
Portland cement concrete layers are commonly used and sheet pile walls. to store hazardous and radioactive wastes until the radioac- Blanket drainage systems, including granular and geotivity has decayed to levels that meet waste disposal criteria synthetic drainage layers and horizontal and vertical wells, (10 CFR 61)
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From page 16... ...
liners for low-permeability soil layers and substitution of geosynthetic drainage layers for granular drainage layers. or a geosynthetic clay liner or geomembrane used in lieu Some existing MSW landfills have single-barrier layers with of the low-permeability soil layer.
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From page 17... ...
hazardous waste and low-level radioactive waste landfills under RCRA 40 CFR §258. landfill size and nature of the waste, the operating environfinal covers are increasingly being used as alternative cover ment (e.g., different designs might be needed for bioreactor systems in locations with arid and semiarid climates, where landfills and conventional landfills; Rowe, 2005)
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From page 18... ...
On the negative side, they cause clog- technology because many issues have not yet been resolved ging, which reduces the hydraulic conductivity and hence, (e.g., the effect of extra heat on the service life of the liner, potentially, the flow. On the positive side, they treat ("clean the effect of additional heat and leachate on the long-term up")
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From page 19... ...
In the case of radioactive wastes, it may take of the contaminants. Low-level radioactive waste landfills hundreds to thousands of years (e.g., mill tailings, see NRC, may have life spans on the order of hundreds of years up to 2002)
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