An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory Fiscal Year 2007 (2007) / Chapter Skim
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The Assessment
The Assessment
Pages 7-24
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From page 7... ...
This function directly enables the pursuit of specific agency missions and gives NIST stewardship of critical research fields and their infrastructure. The issue of stewardship entails a delicate balance, and it is obvious that EEEL is continually striving to maintain that balance, which was achieved by improving the nation's critical measurement and standards infrastructure, while offloading the less critical measurement work to other government agencies, commercial enterprises, or even other NMIs.
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From page 8... ...
Observing objects at terahertz frequencies of 300 GHz and beyond is a promising means of noninvasively obtaining images and spectra signatures of concealed weapons and dangerous chemicals, which would enable the safeguarding of public spaces. In the Electromagnetics Division, the new terahertz noise metrology and passive terahertz imaging demonstration is developing microwave traceability for thermal noise measurements at terahertz frequencies, which will serve bioscience, health care, and homeland security.
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From page 9... ...
Division is focused on developing, improving, and disseminating electrical standards, particularly those based on quantum devices. This is a national priority that is at the heart of the EEEL mission and plays a major role in enabling economic prosperity and in some specific areas of homeland and national security.
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From page 10... ...
Optoelectronics Division The Optoelectronics Division has a strategic focus on national priorities and carries out highly synergistic, mutually supporting efforts that have demonstrated single-photonic detectors and single-photon sources and their application to quantum key distribution, as well as forwardlooking quantum optical metrology. An essential part of these efforts is measurement science for photonics semiconductor nanostructures and their technology and devices.
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From page 11... ...
This project plays a significant role in maintaining the internal coherence of the semiconductor industry by its efforts, which range from interchangeable functionality to replacement integrated circuits. The goal of the Nanoelectronic Device Metrology project is to develop measurement methodologies that enable new nanoelectronic technologies, including molecular electronics, while supplementing conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
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From page 12... ...
This support ranged from developing new standards or measurement techniques, to improving the understanding of device fabrication and their applications, to facilitating national and international acceptance of paper standards, and to satisfying the emerging needs of U.S. enterprises.
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From page 13... ...
Besides developing precision metrology using innovative broadband techniques to accurately characterize the complex permittivities for various commercial materials such as foams, semiconductors, and liquids, the Electromagnetics Division further expanded this noninvasive material characterization technique to test a broad range of fluid types, which could help homeland security personnel to monitor shipments of commercial liquid and water supplies. Quantum Electrical Metrology Division Some of the projects are highly innovative.
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From page 14... ...
Optoelectronics Division The Optoelectronics Division has several key innovative projects that demonstrate the unique capabilities that have been developed in the division. Particularly noteworthy are the activities involving high-speed waveform measurements, the generation of ultrastable optical frequency combs, fundamental measurements of quantum dot laser linewidth, and the demonstration of gallium nitride (GaN)
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From page 15... ...
However, industry is working on the design and application of quantum dots for optical sources. The EEEL quantum dot metrology effort will support industry efforts through the development of characterization techniques.
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From page 16... ...
For example, some projects provide calibrations or other measurement services, and the plans associated with these projects include such things as timelines for equipment improvements, for completion of international comparisons, extension of calibration ranges, lowering of achievable uncertainties, and, in some cases, the phasing out of less-critical services. The milestones for research-oriented projects are just as comprehensive, including planned studies of particular devices or measurement techniques, publication of reports on specified topics, achieving various numerical benchmarks in critical measurements, or the pursuit of definitive answers to questions that will set the direction of future research.
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From page 17... ...
to 1 V and 1 MHz. Optoelectronics Division The following is a sampling of the specific plans that define success in Optoelectronics Division projects: Demonstrate the next generation of coatings for laser power and energy measurement standards based on carbon nanotubes.
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From page 18... ...
wide-band-gap semiconductor technology high power electronics (WBST-HPE) program and assess the potential for enabling advanced commercial and military power distribution systems.
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From page 19... ...
A number of devices, instruments, or measurement systems have been developed, constructed, tested, and delivered to other groups within NIST or organizations outside NIST. These include such things as the Josephson Noise Thermometry system and the improved detector array for the Submillimeter Common-user Bolometer Array (SCUBA)
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From page 20... ...
Many projects demonstrated unique capabilities. Some projects were considered "best in the world" by at least one metric (e.g., smallest uncertainty, a particular level of operation, or some other combination of operational parameters)
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From page 21... ...
Optoelectronics Division The research team working on the optoelectronics frequency comb has evolved the frequency comb work in fibers to rival work of the original optical frequency comb source that won the Nobel prize. As noted above, the ability to transition the performance of the erbiumbased laser evinces a keen understanding of the fundamental issues and the technical ability of staff members.
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From page 22... ...
The Enabling Devices and Integrated Circuits Group is a leader in SiC power device insertion into power system switching applications. The Nanoelectronics Device Metrology and the Advanced MOS Device Reliability and Characterization research projects are among the best in the country for advanced electronic devices.
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From page 23... ...
If the Optoelectronics Division can acquire an appropriate share of the new facilities, its ability to maintain and continue to grow its programs would improve. Although worthwhile and well-performed, some projects performed by the Electromagnetics Division, such as the work on RF identification devices, could have been performed by qualified organizations outside NIST.
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From page 24... ...
Funding for the Advanced MOS Device Reliability and Characterization project in the Semiconductor Electronics Division (SED) may not be stable.
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