Achievements of the National Plant Genome Initiative and New Horizons in Plant Biology (2008) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 11-19
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From page 11... ...
Thus, current and future breakthroughs in plant biology research can have profound consequences for the future of humanity and for the entire biosphere. The rationale for expanded investments in plant genome research is straightforward and urgent: Plant genomics provides a foundation for rapid, fundamental, and novel insights into the means by which plants grow and reproduce, produce organs and tissues essential to human nutrition and energy production, adapt to different and often difficult environments, and help stabilize ecosystems.
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From page 12... ...
Plant genomics research can contribute to understanding the mechanisms that determine optimal plant performance by identifying natural mechanisms governing plant growth, development, and adaptation to weather and water stress, and by helping to catalogue the evolutionary diversity of agriculturally important genes. Basic plant genome research serves a wide diversity of agricultural and en vironmental goals.
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From page 13... ...
All crops are produced across farms that use various economic models, ranging from large farms that use vertically integrated production and crop systems that focus on one or a few rotation species, to small acreage and diverse plantings in produce farms that sell directly to consumers through local farmers' markets. All these farming models can be served by investment in basic plant genome research.
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From page 14... ...
The paucity of basic plant genomic information and the cost of its application are current limiting factors to the improvement of nearly all specialty crops. Plant genomics research in the public sector and associated DNA sequence databases, and the rapid decline in costs of sequencing and genotyping technologies, are expected to have an impact on breed ing of specialty crops in the near future.
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From page 15... ...
The intensive use of plant models has led to dramatic progress in understanding of basic plant genomic biology. Twenty years after the adoption of Arabidopsis as a unifying model for plant biology -- and the consequent birth of modern plant genomics research as embodied in the National Plant Genome Initiative (NPGI)
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From page 16... ...
de termine the best strategy for a coordinated Federal approach to supporting such an initiative, based on respective agency missions and capabilities." Subsequently, IWG developed a plan for a national plant genome initiative. The plan was approved by NSTC, and NPGI was officially established in 1998 as a coordinated national plant genome research project.
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From page 17... ...
The initial plan was to invest in the first two components, thereby to provide linkages to the third component. The plan recommended increased federal investment to • Accelerate the completion of the genome sequence of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana.
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From page 18... ...
The committee was not to make budgetary recommendations. Because the committee was charged to assess the contributions of NPGI to science, research infrastructure, education of the next generation of scientists, and international research collaboration, the committee conducted an in-depth as sessment of research projects funded directly by NPGI participating agencies.
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From page 19... ...
Some IWG agencies also have provided, and continue to provide, databases, genomic technologies, sequencing facilities, and other in-kind support for plant genome research that IWG considers part of NPGI. A direct assessment of those contributions is difficult because there is not a clear definition of what endeavors are directly related to NPGI and which are ongoing within each IWG member agency that only peripherally support NPGI goals.
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