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Science and Technology and the Future Development of Societies International Workshop Proceedings (2008) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix F: Science and Society--Reza Davari Ardakani
Pages 125-130

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From page 125...
... There are rare cases when we consider the relationship of the scientist to historical conditions. It is a commonly held belief that science has reached its perfect stage and that everybody can learn, conduct, research, and benefit from science in the same way and at the same level.
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From page 126...
... Everywhere in the world, scientists can establish scientific societies and cooperate in scientific research. Yet, the scientific society and its paradigms are not created by setting rules and taking administrative and official measures.
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From page 127...
... We scarcely recall that scientific movements would not have existed without the allocation of funds or political measures. Europeans themselves began conducting research at a time when there was no political freedom (compared to the current freedom in Europe)
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From page 128...
... Note that the scientific and research issues of developing countries should not be confused with the issues of Europe and the United States. A scholar may rightly claim that the United States limits planning for research and the freedom of scientists and research.
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From page 129...
... The major conditions for the creation of society and a scientific system are to have a sense of need, to belong to science, and to be prepared for and benefit from science. Western thinkers are not very fond of exploring the world of undeveloped and developing countries.
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From page 130...
... The difference between the developing and undeveloped worlds and the Western world is that in the latter, science, life, politics, and so forth are all part and parcel of one body and have one spirit that leads them. However, in the other world, all of these have come from an external source and have been set without having a spirit for uniting and coordinating them.
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Key Terms

  • eighteenth century
  • considers science
  • scientific society
  • developing world
  • scientific rules

  • rorty rightly
  • scholars illustrate
  • usually governments
  • research vary
  • consider science

  • bacon devised
  • articles published
  • american philosopher
  • undeveloped worlds
  • scarcely recall

  • model existing
  • reason physics
  • partially interrelated
  • technicians refer
  • scientific plans

  • scientific subjects
  • names belonging
  • technological information
  • termed basic
  • initial stage

  • establish scientific
  • undermine science
  • scientific method
  • science deal
  • philosopher richard


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