Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPP and NPOESS Meteorological Satellites (2000) / Chapter Skim
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2 Data Systems Plans
2 Data Systems Plans
Pages 10-24
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From page 10... ...
NPOESS AND NPP PLANS The NPOESS satellites are being designed with a wide variety of sensors that will provide data that will be used to generate 61 required environmental data record (EDR) products.1 The NPOESS sensors will be supported by a sophisticated ground data processing architecture, which the NPOESS IPO calls the Interface Data Processing Segment (IDPS)
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As such, the IPO is working with NASA to develop an NPP prototype IDPS capability, known for now as the Science Data Segment (SDS)
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Unique Aspects of the NPOESS Preparatory Project Data Processing Plans NPP has been under definition for about 2 years, managed by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. It is intended to provide data continuity between the EOS mission and the first NPOESS spacecraft launch, which will take place sometime between 2005 and approximately 2008, and to provide further risk reduction and prototype operations for critical aspects of the NPOESS mission.4 A prototype data system is being developed by the IPO with NASA and NOAA participation.
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Accordingly, a prototype IDPS is to be available before the NPP launch to exercise critical features of the operational IDPS, as well as to provide data continuity for the research community, which will be transitioning to dependence on NPOESS a few years later. NASA is managing and funding much of the NPP effort; it is also working with the research user community because a portion of the NPP mission's data processing effort is intended to focus on provision of NPP-unique climate data processing.
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Indeed, a primary criterion for selection will be the ability of the AO respondents to demonstrate that the proposed CDRs would contribute to climate research in a way that the NPOESS EDRs could not, while also showing that the proposed CDRs could be obtained through algorithmic evaluation of the NPOESS RDR, SDR, and EDR data stream. The committee supports the formation of science teams and has developed a set of working principles for implementing them.
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instrument and use the AO-funded science team to develop research-quality Level 1 algorithms. Science Data Segment According to presenters at the committee's February 2000 workshop, the SDS -- at least during the NPP mission, while it is funded by NASA -- will perform the following tasks: Produce and archive consistent, research-quality Level 1 products; Reprocess Level 1 data as needed after validation and feedback from Level 2+ CDR developers; Provide optional routine processing for CDR investigators funded through the AO process; Reprocess Level 2+ products based on Level 1 revisions, validation, and lessons learned; Allow for the acquisition and retention of ancillary and auxiliary data; Provide supplemental processing to aggregate research-quality EDRs into weekly/monthly, climate-grid-scale CDRs; and Distribute data only to AO investigators and a long-term archive (LTA)
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BOX 2.2 Science Data Segment According to NASA officials, the NPP Science Data Segment (SDS) design is intended-to the maximum extent possible within the constraints of the NPOESS budget-to at least partially transition from a NASA-funded operation to normal NPOESS operations that will utilize the Interface Data Processing Segment (IDPS)
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One is a centralized architecture, characterized by a single CDHS located at a NASA facility (Goddard Space Flight Center, for example)
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envisioned for the NPP Climate Data Handling System and the eventual supplemental SDS and ADS to be appended to the NPOESS operational IDPS. ADS would draw specifically on NCDC's considerable experience in establishing and managing active and offline archives for business, research, and government policy analysis over several decades.16 TABLE 2.1 NOAA Data Centers Data Center Host Institution or Location Specialty National Climatic Data Center Asheville, N.C.
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manages data from NASA's Earth science research satellites and field measurement programs, providing limited data archiving, distribution, and information management services. EOSDIS is the layer that integrates the seven Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs)
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TABLE 2.2 NASA Distributed Active Archive Centers Distributed Active Host Institution Scientific Specialty/ Archive Center Terra Instruments Alaska SAR Facility University of Alaska Sea ice, polar processes/none EROS Data Center U.S. Geological Survey Land processes/ASTER, MODIS Goddard Space Flight Center NASA Upper atmosphere, atmospheric dynamics, global biosphere, hydrologic processes/ TRMM, MODIS Langley Research Center NASA Radiation budget, aerosols, tropospheric chemistry/ CERES, TRMM, MISR, MOPITT National Snow and Ice Data Center University of Colorado Snow and ice, cryosphere/ MODIS Oak Ridge National Laboratory Department of Energy Biochemical fluxes and processes/ none Physical Oceanography Jet Propulsion Laboratory Oceanic circulation, air-sea NASA-Caltech interactions/ none Socioeconomic Data Archive Center CIESIN Socioeconomic data and Columbia University applications/ none
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Some Earth Science Information Partners (ESIPs) focus on basic data production and processing under rigorous standards of quality control, others focus on the development of new data products and services, while still others are developing services for the general public and the commercial sector.
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Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 1 The NPOESS IPO defines EDRs as data records that contain the environmental parameters or imagery required to be generated as user products as well as any ancillary data required to identify or interpret these parameters or images.
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12 Tom Karl of NCDC and Martha Maiden of NASA, "Overview of NESDIS/NASA Plans for National Climate Data and Services Including Long Term Archive," Presentation at the committee's February 7-8, 2000, workshop.
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A description can be found online at http://essp.gsfc.nasa.gov/. 19 The NOAA data centers have a wider array of responsibilities, ranging from delivery of operational weather data to the National Weather Service, to the analysis and archival of weather and climate data, physical oceanography data collected by ships and satellites, coastal observations, solar-terrestrial observations, glaciology, and even marine geology and geophysics.
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