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Assessment of Programs in Space Biology and Medicine--1991 (1991) / Chapter Skim
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4. BEHAVIOR, PERFORMANCE, AND HUMAN FACTORS
Pages 34-38

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From page 34...
... Critical issues are the selection and training of candidates for spaceflight, the composition of crews, the physical characteristics of the spacecraft, and the organization and structure of missions including the requirements for successful leadership and how to employ automation effectively while providing meaningful work and optimizing performance and satisfaction in work. Social issues may be critical, limiting factors in the exploration of space.
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From page 35...
... However, progress has been slow, commensurate with the minimal resources provided, especially on group and organizational factors. As mandated by the Aviation Safety Research Act of 1988, behavioral science research in aviation is being supported by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
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From page 36...
... In space-related investigations, an experimental battery of tests was administered to applicants for the most recent class of astronauts and is being contrasted with results obtained using clinical measures. The goal is to move beyond the process of screening out individuals exhibiting significant psychopathology toward selection based on a psychological profile associated with excellence in performance and adjustment.
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From page 37...
... Issues include scheduling, authority structure, and provision of meaningful work activities for crews on long-duration missions. One indicator that behavioral issues are not fully integrated into many research programs comes from funded research into potential problems associated with increasing the duration of STS flights (letter to Administrator Truly, NASA, regarding the extended duration orbiter medical program, December 20, 1989)
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From page 38...
... While there is recognition of the fact that the critical outcome is behavioral, the only actions undertaken have been to start superficial task analyses of the landing and egress behaviors. There is a need to develop behavioral criteria that reflect these tasks and to relate performance in these areas to biomedical indices isolated in either flight or ground-based studies.
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Key Terms

  • crew performance
  • space center
  • space environment
  • johnson space
  • medical program

  • meaningful work
  • psychological factors
  • goldberg strategy
  • research act
  • maintaining performance

  • nasa sponsored
  • physical characteristics
  • develop comprehensive
  • human behavior
  • space research

  • include scheduling
  • major factors
  • human circadian
  • lunar base
  • transport crew

  • critical issues
  • circadian functions
  • optimal environmental
  • obtained using
  • employ automation

  • critical factors
  • aerospace human
  • social organization
  • behavioral criteria
  • move beyond


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