On the NASA Earth Observing System Letter Report (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Briefing to Committee on Space Biology and Medicine, William Taylor, Chief Scientist, Space Station Freedom, February 8, 1991. Briefing to Space Studies Board, William Raney, Special Assistant, Space Station Freedom, and John-David Bartoe, Deputy Director, Space Station Freedom Operations and Utilization, February 28, 1991.
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These factors and the need for accurate and comprehensive scientific information on which to base environmental policy decisions have led to the creation of a number of international and national research initiatives, including the U.S. Global Change Research Program.
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1) Even before the creation of the USGCRP in 1989, these considerations motivated the community of earth scientists concerned with global change to develop plans for research, observation, and modeling activities to improve scientific understanding.
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It will take several decades, at least, to answer these questions with confidence, even though the elements of critical policy issues may become clear much sooner. Based on the research priorities established by the earth science research community, NASA (1991)
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Global Change Research Program: An Assessment of FY 1991 Plans (National Research Council, 1990)
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The EOS program can help strengthen national and global security, in part because it will provide a significant portion of the scientific basis with which to address the potentially contentious political and economic issues related to human influences on global change, and in part because it will draw scientists and others from around the world to work in concert to understand, preserve, and perhaps improve our environment. There are other benefits that could flow from EOS.
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These issues are all significant, because answers to the scientific questions that drive EOS are central to understanding, and possibly ameliorating, global change and its impacts. The Space Studies Board concludes that the EOS program is a potentially valuable initiative to serve the best interests of science and the nation.
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The scope and significance of the program, as well as its role as a key component of the U.S. Global Change Research Program, present a major management challenge.
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Global Change Research Program and other relevant federal programs, including the operational satellites of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, to maximize the effectiveness of all aspects of the research. Much more attention should be devoted to the issue of how to transfer the new scientific understanding to the federal and private organizations that will develop, and be affected by, policy decisions that might arise from the research results.
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The U.S. Global Change Research Program: An Assessment of FY 1991 Plans, Committee on Global Change, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
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