Implementing the Results of the Second Strategic Highway Research Program Saving Lives, Reducing Congestion, Improving Quality of Life - Special Report 296 (2009) / Chapter Skim
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A few statistics suggest the scale of the issues and the importance of addressing them: • Some 43,000 deaths and millions of injuries occur on the nation's roads every year; beyond the personal toll, the estimated annual cost of these deaths and injuries is $230 billion. After years of decline, the number of fatalities and the fatality rate per million vehicle miles traveled (VMT)
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In addition to better system operation and more rapid renewal of in-place infrastructure, this growth will necessitate additional highway capacity in selected locations. Any capacity enhancements will have to be performance driven and outcome based while integrating environmental, economic, and community requirements.
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The overall goal of this research is to provide highway users with reliable travel times by preventing and reducing the impact of nonrecurring incidents. • Capacity: Provide highway capacity in support of the nation's economic, environmental, and social goals.
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No final products of the research are as yet ready for use. The committee studied the plans for and tentative outcomes of the program's early research efforts and consulted with the SHRP 2 governing and technical committees and staff, as well as a variety of stakeholders, to project the ultimate outcomes of the program, its potential users, and the incentives for and impediments to implementation that may be encountered.
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• A site-based video system for studying vehicle behavior on particular roadway segments, such as intersections. Potential users of these products include safety researchers in the public, private, and academic sectors; highway safety practitioners; and vehicle manufacturers.
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Incentives for product adoption include reduced disruption for roadway users as well as businesses and property owners adjacent to the roadway, less travel delay, streamlined project delivery, greater resource efficiency for highway agencies, and reduced exposure of workers to work zone crashes. A significant impediment to implementation in this area is the relatively high initial construction costs of many innovations that lower life-cycle and user costs.
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• Institutional change, human behavior, and resource needs: Products of research in this category include guidance for effectively disseminating travel time reliability information to road users, identification of the most effective practices and organizational structures for managing highway systems, and a focused training program for safe and efficient incident response procedures in traffic environments. • Incorporating reliability into planning, programming, and design: Research in this category will produce improved tools for identifying and evaluating the effectiveness of infrastructure and operational countermeasures and quantifying the impacts of nonrecurring congestion on overall highway capacity.
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Impediments include resistance to institutional change, agency personnel constraints, and a lack of local data to support product use. Capacity SHRP 2 Capacity research addresses the challenge of planning and designing new transportation capacity that integrates mobility, economic, environmental, and community needs.
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Potential users of these products are state and local transportation agencies and metropolitan planning organizations. The main incentive for implementing the CDMF and related products is to enable agencies to improve the quality of decisions and deliver projects more quickly.
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The agent will be responsible for administering competitive processes to provide for the additional research, testing, evaluation, demonstration projects, training, technical support, and other activities necessary to support implementation. Other responsibilities will include arranging for stakeholder involvement, coordinating with related programs, promoting collaboration, tracking the progress of implementation, measuring results, providing knowledge management and IT expertise and tools, and publishing reports and other materials to aid implementation efforts.
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At a minimum, this advisory structure should include an executive-level oversight committee for the entire SHRP 2 implementation program and a second oversight committee focused exclusively on administration of the safety database. Recommendation 5: Detailed implementation plans should be developed as soon as feasible to guide the implementation efforts.
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