Demographic Changes, a View from California Implications for Framing Health Disparities: Workshop Summary (2010) / Chapter Skim
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3 Framing Health Disparities
3 Framing Health Disparities
Pages 23-32
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From page 23... ...
The news is crucial to public health, according to Dorfman, because policy makers pay attention to the news and policy makers are making key decisions about whether the environments surrounding the public support health or foster disease. Therefore, if public health practitioners want to get the attention of policy makers, they need to understand how public health issues are portrayed in the news and be able to interest reporters in public health stories.
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. For studies of how public health issues are framed in news coverage, see http:// www.bmsg.org/; for studies of how people interpret frames, see http://www.culturallogic.com/ and http://frameworksinstitute.org/.
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One explanation for the discrepancy in the poll results could be that the word "government" has been demonized in the United States and is therefore dismissed out of hand by most people. If this is true, this is a major problem for the field of public health because public health must rely on the government as the solution in many instances.
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2 DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES, A VIEW FROM CALIFORNIA FIgURE 3‑2 Different responses to two variations of the same question. SOURCE: Pew Research Center for the People and the Press (1999)
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These two ideas are parts of the same whole; one cannot exist without the other. The challenge facing public health advocates in the United States today is that this is the unspoken starting point for any conversation about health disparities or any other health problem.
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This is consistent with the default frame and consistent with what social psychologists call the "fundamental attribution error." This tendency to attribute responsibility for solving a problem to the individual rather than institutions or other aspects of the environment surrounding individuals is a problem for public health, in that the types of policies designed to improve public health usually address changing the conditions surrounding people.
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• he American culture's emphasis on individual responsibility blinds T people to the systemic factors that affect population health. • uch thinking reinforces us-versus-them divisions that distance S groups from one another (and, if the default frame is not chal lenged, can be reinforced whenever public health statistics are disaggregated by race or socioeconomic status)
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In a current example from public health, advocates and funders concerned about obesity and related health problems are acting to change the built environment so it encourages daily activity, such as walking to work. Major structural changes, however, require significant resources.
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From page 31... ...
2005. Talking about public health: developing America's "sec ond language." American Journal of Public Health 95:567–570.
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