Promoting Chemical Laboratory Safety and Security in Developing Countries (2010) / Chapter Skim
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3 Guidelines for Establishing a Chemical Laboratory Safety and Security Program
3 Guidelines for Establishing a Chemical Laboratory Safety and Security Program
Pages 41-60
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From page 41... ...
WHOSE JOB IS IT? RESPONSIBILITY FOR CHEMICAL LABORATORY SAFETY AND SECuRITY Individuals in an institution have various roles and responsibilities for establishing and maintaining safe and secure practices.
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From page 42... ...
Such an office assists in establishing policies and promoting laboratory safety standards, and often handles hazardous waste issues, accident reviews, inspections and audits, compliance monitoring, training, recordkeeping, and emergency response. Chemical Laboratory Managers and Instructors Direct responsibility for the management of a chemical laboratory safety program typically rests with the chemical safety officer (CSO)
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From page 43... ...
An example of a policy statement can be found in Appendix E In developing a chemical safety and security policy, laboratory management should establish a credible and strong compliance program, complete with accountability and consequences for noncompli
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From page 44... ...
Those documents should clearly define the individual responsibilities of students and other laboratory workers, laboratory managers, institutional leaders, contractors, emergency service providers, and visitors to the laboratory. The business of conducting experiments changes continually: attrition in staff members and students, change in regulations, and evolution of technologies.
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From page 45... ...
The role of physical access control in improving security of chemicals, equipment, and occupants of buildings in which chemicals are stored and used should be addressed specifically. This will require development of a comprehensive security vulnerability assessment and policy setting (see "Guidelines for Facility Access and Use" later in this chapter)
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From page 46... ...
Engineering measures, such as a laboratory hood, local exhaust ventilation, and a glove box are the primary methods for controlling hazards in the chemical laboratory. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
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From page 47... ...
In that system the most hazardous chemicals make up Hazard Class 1; these COCs should be kept secure from theft or diversion, and there are laboratory security measures that can help to prevent such diversions. Security begins with the individual, and prudent security practices for laboratories should include a system that limits access to authorized personnel who have a need to work in the laboratory.
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From page 48... ...
Other physical security measures include locked cabinets, locked storage areas, locked drawers, and perhaps alarm systems. Any extraordinary laboratory security measures should be commensurate with the potential risks and should be imposed in a manner that does not hamper research or safety unreasonably.
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From page 49... ...
An SVA helps in determining the security planning needs of a facility. An SVA should include an asset evaluation, threat assessment, site survey and analysis, and physical vulnerability survey.
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From page 50... ...
Such a comprehensive review is necessary to permit an accurate survey of physical vulnerability and to put into place operational procedures for detection, delay, and assessment systems to protect physical assets and to protect operations on the campus or in a facility that could be interrupted or sabotaged. Physical vulnerability Survey A vulnerability survey includes several kinds of investigation, within the limits of local legal frameworks.
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From page 51... ...
Develop a Site Security Plan A comprehensive site security plan integrates all the information gained in the analyses, surveys, and investigations mentioned above. It addresses workplace security guidelines and an emergency response plan that provides a physical protection strategy to detect, delay, and respond quickly and effectively to interrupt, neutralize, or mitigate malicious-intent threats and natural disasters.
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From page 52... ...
An example of an inventory accountability log is provided in Appendix F Storing Laboratory Chemicals Chemicals should be stored safely and securely on the basis of risks and hazards, as outlined in Prudent Practices in the Laboratory.
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From page 53... ...
It can be posted in the laboratory or given to laboratory workers. The first step in ensuring safety is to conduct hazard evaluations to understand the nature and severity of the risks being posed by the chemicals being used.
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From page 54... ...
In same cases, such as with the use of radioactive materials, personal hand, foot, or full-body monitors may be needed to control the spread of material into areas outside controlled laboratory facilities. Another method of controlling and managing hazardous chemical operations could be the use of smaller-scale experiments or procedures that use micro-scale or mini-scale laboratory equipment.
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From page 55... ...
Disposing of Laboratory Chemicals The end of the life cycle of a chemical is its consumption in a laboratory procedure or its disposal. The CSO or designated alternate should develop a program to ensure safe and environmentally responsible disposal of chemicals, especially COCs.
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From page 56... ...
Responsibilities of Chemical Safety and Security Oversight Committees The Chemical Safety and Security Oversight Committee, appointed by the top leader of the institution, is responsible for the following broad elements: • developing and maintaining safety and security policy initiatives; • adequately budgeting and allocating resources for the chemical safety and security program; • making inquiries as appropriate regarding incidents, accidents, and breaches of safety and security; • making recommendations to top leaders regarding recognition of best practices and disciplinary actions as appropriate; and • providing necessary support to the chemical safety officers (CSOs)
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From page 57... ...
More specifically, CSOs or designated alternates are responsible for • executing the established policies regarding laboratory COCs and ensuring compliance with applicable regulations as required; • assisting in procurement, storage, use, and waste disposal at the laboratory level, including providing training for how to develop appropriate SOPs; • operating, if required, a waste management program for wastes to be disposed of outside the laboratory, including receipt of wastes, transportation, and final disposal of material by commercial venders; • logging orders of COCs; • receiving and inventorying on purchase receipts; • disposing of laboratory COCs; • auditing inventory logs and cabinet security at least once a year; • investigating incidents involving COCs; • suspending authorizations to use laboratory COCs in cases of noncompliance; and • maintaining complete records of program operations in a form suitable for inspection that can readily be retrieved and distributed.
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From page 58... ...
Laboratory managers and supervisors play an important role in the safety and security program and will be the key connection between the laboratory and the CSO. Responsibilities include at least • ensuring that laboratory workers receive training in general chemical safety and security; • ensuring that laboratory workers understand how to work with COCs safely and providing chemical-specific and procedure-specific training as needed, including developing and reviewing SOPs; • providing laboratory workers with appropriate engineering controls and PPE needed to work safely with COCs; • ensuring that the laboratory has the appropriate level of security for COCs; • setting expectations for safety and security and including safety and security components in performance appraisals; and • reviewing and approving work with COCs.
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From page 59... ...
GUIDELINES • ensuring, before working with a chemical or procedure the first time, that all the hazards and procedures needed for safety and security are understood by either reviewing or developing and approving SOPs; • asking a supervisor or a CSO for help if unsure about the hazards; • using engineering controls and PPE, as appropriate; • reporting all incidents, security issues, and potential chemical exposures to a laboratory supervisor; and • documenting specific operating procedures for working with COCs and amending procedures as needed.
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