Ocean Acidification A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean (2010) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 15-22
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of climate change. Ocean acidifica 1 The pH scale describes how acidic or basic a substance is, which is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)
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3 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change developed emissions projection scenarios by examining alternative development pathways that considered a wide range of demographic, economic, and technological drivers (IPCC, 2000)
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Like climate change, ocean acidification potentially affects govern ments, private organizations, and individuals -- many of whom have
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Such long and gradual changes in ocean chemistry and biology -- possibly punctuated by sudden ecological disruptions -- undermines the foundation of existing empirical knowledge based on longterm studies of marine systems. Like climate change, ocean acidification renders past experience an undependable guide to decision making in the future.
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The purposes of the FOARAM Act are to: · develop and coordinate an interagency plan for monitoring and research, · establish an ocean acidification program within NOAA, · assess and consider ecosystem and socioeconomic impacts, and · research adaptation strategies and techniques for addressing ocean acidification. The FOARAM Act outlines specific activities for both NOAA and NSF and also authorizes funds for these two agencies to carry out the Act, beginning at $14 million in fiscal year 2009 and ramping up to $35 million in 2012.
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1.3 STUDy APPROACH The Committee on the Deelopment of an Integrated Science Strategy for OceanAcidificationMonitoring,Research,andImpactsAssessment was assem bled by the NRC to provide recommendations to the federal agencies on an interagency strategic plan for ocean acidification. The committee is charged with reviewing the current state of knowledge and identifying key gaps in information to ultimately help guide federal agencies with efforts to better understand and address the consequences of ocean acidi fication (see Box S.1 for full statement of task)
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In Chapter 6, the committee lays out the groundwork for a national ocean acidification program.
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