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Appendix F: Characteristics of Doctorates
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From page 177... ... appendix f Characteristics of doctorates Read the entire page →
From page 178... ... TABLE F-1 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Biomedical Sciences, 1970-2008 8 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 Total Doctorates 2,882 3,132 3,116 3,135 3,013 3,085 3,150 3,050 3,118 3,212 3,396 3,356 3,444 3,338 3,399 3,313 3,369 3,465 3,769 Male 2,420 2,572 2,530 2,474 2,340 2,347 2,424 2,351 2,311 2,351 2,440 2,383 2,417 2,224 2,315 2,192 2,197 2,214 2,377 Female 462 560 586 661 673 738 726 699 807 861 956 973 1,027 1,114 1,084 1,121 1,172 1,251 1,392 Citzens 2,385 2,591 2,573 2,582 2,381 2,556 2,610 2,528 2,628 2,738 2,905 2,898 2,927 2,854 2,868 2,727 2,751 2,670 2,858 Permanent residents 160 198 215 231 209 194 165 169 147 133 147 125 114 108 109 113 118 153 176 Temporary residents 312 266 256 253 283 256 277 261 259 253 273 248 294 291 308 364 343 455 515 Unknown 25 77 72 69 140 79 98 92 84 88 71 85 109 85 114 109 157 187 220 Minorities N/A N/A N/A 80 84 86 80 78 108 79 83 91 94 86 99 104 119 128 123 Postdoctoral training in U.S. Postdoctoral fellowship 772 739 739 731 607 804 896 911 1034 1048 1079 1036 1057 1025 1096 1086 1122 1196 1285 Postdoctoral research 243 300 295 330 376 402 406 408 402 386 470 474 452 516 451 477 518 495 540 Postdoctoral traineeship 60 74 71 40 29 47 46 66 65 88 87 56 65 65 54 55 51 56 69 Other training 70 67 110 125 139 165 167 114 117 174 175 193 234 201 190 157 160 173 179 Total Postdoctorates 1,145 1,180 1,215 1,226 1,151 1,418 1,515 1,499 1,618 1,696 1,811 1,759 1,808 1,807 1,791 1,775 1,851 1,920 2,073 Percent planning 56.3% 56.6% 59.4% 58.9% 60.1% 68.0% 70.1% 73.4% 75.9% 75.3% 76.1% 76.1% 76.6% 77.2% 78.1% 77.7% 79.5% 80.2% 80.4% Employment in U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 179... ... Postdoctoral fellowship 1322 1336 1434 1496 1614 1577 1630 1708 1685 1682 1629 1718 1590 1655 1635 1717 1892 1977 1931 1858 Postdoctoral research 511 593 592 629 662 685 684 696 674 743 679 653 645 634 664 731 767 778 986 981 Postdoctoral traineeship 54 58 71 63 76 89 79 87 65 52 63 124 81 82 146 41 33 49 27 35 Other training 229 193 238 247 262 250 271 325 175 224 407 320 346 240 276 387 437 420 174 116 Total Postdoctorates 2,116 2,180 2,335 2,435 2,614 2,601 2,664 2,816 2,599 2,701 2,778 2,815 2,662 2,611 2,721 2,876 3,129 3,224 3,118 2,990 Percent planning 79.4% 81.9% 81.9% 81.4% 81.8% 82.6% 83.7% 83.1% 76.3% 77.4% 80.8% 78.7% 76.9% 76.0% 79.9% 84.1% 83.9% 79.9% 81.7% 79.9% Employment in U.S. 534 457 489 541 559 532 497 550 730 746 647 743 785 796 661 528 586 791 683 745 Other 16 24 27 14 22 16 23 21 76 41 15 20 15 27 25 14 15 20 16 8 Ph.D. Read the entire page →
From page 180... ... 3,675 3,785 3,914 4,449 4,545 4,843 5,026 5,725 10.7% 9.5% 9.0% 9.2% 8.5% 8.6% 8.1% 8.7% Government postdoctorates 156 245 336 327 286 444 373 529 0.5% 0.6% 0.8% 0.7% 0.5% 0.8% 0.6% 0.8% Other sectors 2,539 3,055 3,436 4,103 4,303 4,657 5,043 4,847 7.4% 7.7% 7.9% 8.4% 8.1% 8.2% 8.2% 7.4% Doctorates w/ fed. research support 19,841 22,152 23,884 26,183 26,640 29,439 27,377 38,171 57.7% 55.9% 55.0% 53.9% 49.9% 52.1% 44.3% 58.0% Read the entire page →
From page 181... ... 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2006 Total employed in S&E 70,593 71,962 76,449 79,077 88,481 95,780 100,224 97,903 104,585 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 2,379 2,833 2,945 3,352 3,904 4,721 5,345 3,338 3,787 3.4% 3.9% 3.9% 4.2% 4.4% 4.9% 5.3% 3.4% 3.6% Citizens and permanent residents 66,944 68,184 71,599 72,948 80,826 85,107 97,126 94,589 100,350 94.8% 94.8% 93.7% 92.2% 91.3% 88.9% 96.9% 96.6% 96.0% Temporary residents 884 945 1,410 1,251 1,376 2,680 3,098 3,314 4,235 1.3% 1.3% 1.8% 1.6% 1.6% 2.8% 3.1% 3.4% 4.0% Total academics 43,572 40,581 45,258 48,622 53,026 55,682 57,227 59,150 61,745 61.7% 56.4% 59.2% 61.5% 59.9% 58.1% 57.1% 60.4% 59.0% Faculty with rank appointments 31,862 28,672 32,180 33,496 36,122 36,987 38,299 40,027 40,223 45.1% 39.8% 42.1% 42.4% 40.8% 38.6% 38.2% 40.9% 38.5% Tenured faculty 19,755 17,106 19,070 19,516 20,326 21,535 21,695 21,208 21,106 28.0% 23.8% 24.9% 24.7% 23.0% 22.5% 21.6% 21.7% 20.2% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,872 7,556 7,722 8,259 8,974 8,909 8,784 9,518 9,612 8.3% 10.5% 10.1% 10.4% 10.1% 9.3% 8.8% 9.7% 9.2% Academic postdoctorates 5,993 4,819 6,431 7,701 9,620 10,145 9,692 8,777 11,244 8.5% 6.7% 8.4% 9.7% 10.9% 10.6% 9.7% 9.0% 10.8% Other academic appointments 5,717 7,090 6,647 7,436 7,296 8,550 9,236 11,623 11,778 8.1% 9.9% 8.7% 9.4% 8.2% 8.9% 9.2% 11.9% 11.3% Industry (non-postdoctorate) Read the entire page →
From page 182... ... TABLE F-3 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1970-2008 8 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 Total doctorates 2,683 3,094 3,220 3,433 3,661 3,835 4,047 4,098 4,082 4,120 4,015 4,339 4,023 4,263 4,141 3,964 3,979 3,988 3,844 Male 2,079 2,352 2,391 2,452 2,549 2,611 2,733 2,634 2,554 2,445 2,315 2,461 2,240 2,265 2,087 1,993 1,962 1,912 1,749 Female 604 742 829 981 1,112 1,224 1,314 1,464 1,528 1,675 1,700 1,878 1,783 1,998 2,054 1,971 2,017 2,076 2,095 Citizens 2,458 2,812 2,928 3,128 3,231 3,461 3,722 3,724 3,676 3,728 3,630 3,935 3,600 3,799 3,662 3,487 3,426 3,352 3,232 Permanent residents 78 88 96 89 85 92 85 92 95 92 98 85 82 90 75 91 108 111 107 Temporary residents 121 150 140 157 165 214 183 167 152 161 152 173 151 182 190 179 185 180 194 Unknown 26 44 56 59 180 68 57 115 159 139 135 146 190 192 214 207 260 345 312 Minorities N/A N/A N/A 84 115 172 202 234 235 266 244 256 269 271 272 261 278 255 266 Postdoctoral training in U.S. Postdoctoral fellowship 150 156 144 149 128 151 205 214 246 225 278 284 232 283 262 279 297 289 289 Postdoctoral research 44 43 48 53 61 64 53 67 77 80 69 96 80 75 64 79 85 112 109 Postdoctoral traineeship 17 33 23 25 34 46 32 45 70 55 67 69 55 66 65 69 70 48 52 Other training 12 21 26 31 43 35 56 50 43 37 39 41 28 42 35 28 43 39 32 Total postdoctoral 223 253 241 258 266 296 346 376 436 397 453 490 395 466 426 455 495 488 482 Percent planning 11.4% 11.3% 10.8% 10.9% 11.1% 11.9% 13.4% 14.9% 18.0% 15.7% 17.8% 17.7% 16.3% 18.5% 17.5% 19.0% 20.1% 20.9% 20.4% Employment in U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 183... ... Postdoctoral fellowship 304 313 389 386 464 459 491 524 492 608 675 671 694 676 707 721 764 752 802 809 Postdoctoral research 73 96 94 93 97 113 107 122 123 132 129 142 155 132 158 166 155 184 194 204 Postdoctoral traineeship 69 69 45 54 45 55 59 50 39 49 34 55 41 47 56 27 23 11 25 19 Other training 33 25 31 30 44 34 28 47 15 21 56 30 38 30 33 93 96 106 89 93 Total Postdoctorates 479 503 559 563 650 661 685 743 669 810 894 898 928 885 954 1,007 1,038 1,053 1,110 1,125 Percent planning 20.1% 20.6% 22.6% 23.4% 26.6% 27.4% 29.8% 31.2% 29.7% 33.7% 36.0% 33.8% 36.1% 35.9% 38.7% 42.5% 43.1% 41.8% 45.5% 46.1% Employment in U.S. 1876 1902 1892 1810 1758 1717 1574 1601 1546 1553 1555 1713 1607 1548 1488 1336 1352 1444 1305 1296 other 32 37 19 31 39 36 38 40 40 38 34 46 37 31 24 24 18 21 25 19 Ph.D. Read the entire page →
From page 184... ... 2,680 2,603 3,216 3,718 3,938 4,627 4,632 5,390 9.8% 7.6% 8.2% 8.2% 7.6% 7.9% 7.2% 7.8% Government postdoctorates 22 15 53 49 88 85 22 51 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% Other sectors 3,760 5,700 6,582 7,780 8,259 8,500 9,382 10,719 13.7% 16.6% 16.8% 17.1% 16.0% 14.5% 14.5% 15.6% Doctorates w/ fed. research support 10,881 12,965 13,790 15,213 15,689 16,648 13,651 21,864 39.8% 37.7% 35.1% 33.4% 30.3% 28.5% 21.1% 31.8% Read the entire page →
From page 185... ... 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2006 Total employed in S&E 74,570 75,420 81,126 84,408 91,662 95,909 99,154 91,941 95,564 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 3,738 4,561 5,012 5,649 6,561 7,140 8,534 5,447 5,991 5.0% 6.0% 6.2% 6.7% 7.2% 7.4% 8.6% 5.9% 6.3% Citizens and permanent residents 73,054 73,534 79,280 82,526 89,186 93,155 98,725 91,263 94,811 98.0% 97.5% 97.7% 97.8% 97.3% 97.1% 99.6% 99.3% 99.2% Temporary residents 194 164 190 195 329 378 429 678 753 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.7% 0.8% Total academics 36,961 33,280 37,617 39,905 43,736 45,402 47,206 44,961 47,153 49.6% 44.1% 46.4% 47.3% 47.7% 47.3% 47.6% 48.9% 49.3% Faculty with rank appointments 30,239 26,852 29,402 30,787 32,941 33,837 34,491 34,352 35,862 40.6% 35.6% 36.2% 36.5% 35.9% 35.3% 34.8% 37.4% 37.5% Tenured faculty 20,041 18,201 19,858 20,720 22,266 22,032 22,196 21,226 20,824 26.9% 24.1% 24.5% 24.5% 24.3% 23.0% 22.4% 23.1% 21.8% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,379 5,400 5,956 5,991 6,032 6,364 6,510 6,713 7,684 7.2% 7.2% 7.3% 7.1% 6.6% 6.6% 6.6% 7.3% 8.0% Academic postdoctorates 993 416 534 1,329 1,641 1,458 1,543 1,064 1,868 1.3% 0.6% 0.7% 1.6% 1.8% 1.5% 1.6% 1.2% 2.0% Other academic appointments 5,729 6,012 7,681 7,789 9,154 10,136 11,194 10,853 10,576 7.7% 8.0% 9.5% 9.2% 10.0% 10.6% 11.3% 11.8% 11.1% Industry (non-postdoctorate) Read the entire page →
From page 186... ... 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 5 3 3 4 1 4 4 6 Other training 7 4 6 11 6 4 5 7 6 10 15 13 4 3 8 1 9 11 10 Total postdoctoral 26 27 44 46 38 40 38 60 48 66 66 69 61 43 72 53 66 80 82 Percent planning 15.5% 13.2% 23.8% 22.2% 17.4% 16.5% 20.4% 23.6% 20.6% 19.6% 17.0% 13.6% 18.6% 14.1% 16.8% 18.1% 17.5% Employment in U.S. 137 170 135 153 153 183 185 172 185 204 250 277 287 264 306 321 319 349 375 Other 5 8 6 8 8 7 7 3 2 10 5 6 11 10 10 3 7 13 11 Ph.D. Read the entire page →
From page 187... ... Postdoctoral fellowship 39 52 50 69 62 97 76 97 88 93 88 95 142 147 154 182 177 201 212 215 Postdoctoral research 21 35 23 34 27 21 37 39 47 38 38 38 45 45 57 55 56 70 88 102 Postdoctoral traineeship 4 6 2 10 5 5 6 4 6 6 12 12 6 11 18 9 12 6 7 12 Other training 10 13 10 15 14 9 10 14 7 8 29 17 14 10 21 27 30 33 13 15 Total postdoctoral 116 165 141 192 185 226 236 239 225 230 167 162 207 213 250 273 275 310 320 344 Percent planning 13% 20% 15% 19% 17% 19% 19% 19% 17% 16% 12% 11% 13% 19% 27% 29% 27% 29% 28% 30% Employment in U.S. 459 373 468 491 525 503 489 531 589 606 591 732 643 733 666 652 719 760 799 782 Other 8 9 11 9 12 11 11 18 17 26 12 17 15 31 19 12 11 15 13 17 Ph.D. Read the entire page →
From page 188... ... 383 491 462 446 527 585 689 745 14.3% 14.1% 12.3% 9.9% 9.9% 9.7% 9.6% 9.7% Government postdoctorates 5 9 8 11 35 34 14 8 0.2% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.7% 0.6% 0.2% 0.1% Other sectors 280 380 455 436 501 645 749 760 10.4% 10.9% 12.1% 9.7% 9.4% 10.7% 10.4% 9.9% Doctorates w/ fed. research support 1,416 1,804 1,836 2,041 2,179 2,416 2,307 3,275 52.8% 51.9% 49.0% 45.5% 41.0% 40.2% 32.1% 42.7% Read the entire page →
From page 189... ... 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2006 Total employed in S&E 8,991 9,251 10,748 11,996 14,069 15,268 17,180 16,550 19,750 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 533 614 766 899 1,113 1,357 1,497 1,057 1,330 5.9% 6.6% 7.1% 7.5% 7.9% 8.9% 8.7% 6.4% 6.7% Citizens and permanent residents 8,522 8,726 10,142 11,253 13,128 13,930 16,822 16,005 19,036 94.8% 94.3% 94.4% 93.8% 93.3% 91.2% 97.9% 96.7% 96.4% Temporary residents 72 65 175 58 194 335 358 545 714 0.8% 0.7% 1.6% 0.5% 1.4% 2.2% 2.1% 3.3% 3.6% Total academics 4,959 4,706 5,827 6,684 7,609 8,855 9,730 10,037 11,856 55.2% 50.9% 54.2% 55.7% 54.1% 58.0% 56.6% 60.6% 60.0% Faculty with rank appointments 4,371 4,077 5,084 5,705 6,325 7,374 8,124 8,536 10,084 48.6% 44.1% 47.3% 47.6% 45.0% 48.3% 47.3% 51.6% 51.1% Tenured faculty 2,191 1,890 2,341 2,770 3,081 3,507 3,647 3,629 3,989 24.4% 20.4% 21.8% 23.1% 21.9% 23.0% 21.2% 21.9% 20.2% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 1,337 1,426 1,784 1,988 1,878 2,138 2,384 2,505 3,371 14.9% 15.4% 16.6% 16.6% 13.3% 14.0% 13.9% 15.1% 17.1% Academic postdoctorates 152 116 144 342 416 324 321 349 516 1.7% 1.3% 1.3% 2.9% 3.0% 2.1% 1.9% 2.1% 2.6% Other academic appointments 436 513 599 637 868 1,157 1,285 1,313 1,514 4.8% 5.5% 5.6% 5.3% 6.2% 7.6% 7.5% 7.9% 7.7% Industry (non-postdoctorate) Read the entire page →

From page 177...

... appendix f Characteristics of doctorates

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From page 178...

... TABLE F-1 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Biomedical Sciences, 1970-2008 8 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 Total Doctorates 2,882 3,132 3,116 3,135 3,013 3,085 3,150 3,050 3,118 3,212 3,396 3,356 3,444 3,338 3,399 3,313 3,369 3,465 3,769 Male 2,420 2,572 2,530 2,474 2,340 2,347 2,424 2,351 2,311 2,351 2,440 2,383 2,417 2,224 2,315 2,192 2,197 2,214 2,377 Female 462 560 586 661 673 738 726 699 807 861 956 973 1,027 1,114 1,084 1,121 1,172 1,251 1,392 Citzens 2,385 2,591 2,573 2,582 2,381 2,556 2,610 2,528 2,628 2,738 2,905 2,898 2,927 2,854 2,868 2,727 2,751 2,670 2,858 Permanent residents 160 198 215 231 209 194 165 169 147 133 147 125 114 108 109 113 118 153 176 Temporary residents 312 266 256 253 283 256 277 261 259 253 273 248 294 291 308 364 343 455 515 Unknown 25 77 72 69 140 79 98 92 84 88 71 85 109 85 114 109 157 187 220 Minorities N/A N/A N/A 80 84 86 80 78 108 79 83 91 94 86 99 104 119 128 123 Postdoctoral training in U.S. Postdoctoral fellowship 772 739 739 731 607 804 896 911 1034 1048 1079 1036 1057 1025 1096 1086 1122 1196 1285 Postdoctoral research 243 300 295 330 376 402 406 408 402 386 470 474 452 516 451 477 518 495 540 Postdoctoral traineeship 60 74 71 40 29 47 46 66 65 88 87 56 65 65 54 55 51 56 69 Other training 70 67 110 125 139 165 167 114 117 174 175 193 234 201 190 157 160 173 179 Total Postdoctorates 1,145 1,180 1,215 1,226 1,151 1,418 1,515 1,499 1,618 1,696 1,811 1,759 1,808 1,807 1,791 1,775 1,851 1,920 2,073 Percent planning 56.3% 56.6% 59.4% 58.9% 60.1% 68.0% 70.1% 73.4% 75.9% 75.3% 76.1% 76.1% 76.6% 77.2% 78.1% 77.7% 79.5% 80.2% 80.4% Employment in U.S.

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From page 179...

... Postdoctoral fellowship 1322 1336 1434 1496 1614 1577 1630 1708 1685 1682 1629 1718 1590 1655 1635 1717 1892 1977 1931 1858 Postdoctoral research 511 593 592 629 662 685 684 696 674 743 679 653 645 634 664 731 767 778 986 981 Postdoctoral traineeship 54 58 71 63 76 89 79 87 65 52 63 124 81 82 146 41 33 49 27 35 Other training 229 193 238 247 262 250 271 325 175 224 407 320 346 240 276 387 437 420 174 116 Total Postdoctorates 2,116 2,180 2,335 2,435 2,614 2,601 2,664 2,816 2,599 2,701 2,778 2,815 2,662 2,611 2,721 2,876 3,129 3,224 3,118 2,990 Percent planning 79.4% 81.9% 81.9% 81.4% 81.8% 82.6% 83.7% 83.1% 76.3% 77.4% 80.8% 78.7% 76.9% 76.0% 79.9% 84.1% 83.9% 79.9% 81.7% 79.9% Employment in U.S. 534 457 489 541 559 532 497 550 730 746 647 743 785 796 661 528 586 791 683 745 Other 16 24 27 14 22 16 23 21 76 41 15 20 15 27 25 14 15 20 16 8 Ph.D.

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From page 180...

... 3,675 3,785 3,914 4,449 4,545 4,843 5,026 5,725 10.7% 9.5% 9.0% 9.2% 8.5% 8.6% 8.1% 8.7% Government postdoctorates 156 245 336 327 286 444 373 529 0.5% 0.6% 0.8% 0.7% 0.5% 0.8% 0.6% 0.8% Other sectors 2,539 3,055 3,436 4,103 4,303 4,657 5,043 4,847 7.4% 7.7% 7.9% 8.4% 8.1% 8.2% 8.2% 7.4% Doctorates w/ fed. research support 19,841 22,152 23,884 26,183 26,640 29,439 27,377 38,171 57.7% 55.9% 55.0% 53.9% 49.9% 52.1% 44.3% 58.0%

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From page 181...

... 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2006 Total employed in S&E 70,593 71,962 76,449 79,077 88,481 95,780 100,224 97,903 104,585 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 2,379 2,833 2,945 3,352 3,904 4,721 5,345 3,338 3,787 3.4% 3.9% 3.9% 4.2% 4.4% 4.9% 5.3% 3.4% 3.6% Citizens and permanent residents 66,944 68,184 71,599 72,948 80,826 85,107 97,126 94,589 100,350 94.8% 94.8% 93.7% 92.2% 91.3% 88.9% 96.9% 96.6% 96.0% Temporary residents 884 945 1,410 1,251 1,376 2,680 3,098 3,314 4,235 1.3% 1.3% 1.8% 1.6% 1.6% 2.8% 3.1% 3.4% 4.0% Total academics 43,572 40,581 45,258 48,622 53,026 55,682 57,227 59,150 61,745 61.7% 56.4% 59.2% 61.5% 59.9% 58.1% 57.1% 60.4% 59.0% Faculty with rank appointments 31,862 28,672 32,180 33,496 36,122 36,987 38,299 40,027 40,223 45.1% 39.8% 42.1% 42.4% 40.8% 38.6% 38.2% 40.9% 38.5% Tenured faculty 19,755 17,106 19,070 19,516 20,326 21,535 21,695 21,208 21,106 28.0% 23.8% 24.9% 24.7% 23.0% 22.5% 21.6% 21.7% 20.2% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,872 7,556 7,722 8,259 8,974 8,909 8,784 9,518 9,612 8.3% 10.5% 10.1% 10.4% 10.1% 9.3% 8.8% 9.7% 9.2% Academic postdoctorates 5,993 4,819 6,431 7,701 9,620 10,145 9,692 8,777 11,244 8.5% 6.7% 8.4% 9.7% 10.9% 10.6% 9.7% 9.0% 10.8% Other academic appointments 5,717 7,090 6,647 7,436 7,296 8,550 9,236 11,623 11,778 8.1% 9.9% 8.7% 9.4% 8.2% 8.9% 9.2% 11.9% 11.3% Industry (non-postdoctorate)

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From page 182...

... TABLE F-3 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1970-2008 8 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 Total doctorates 2,683 3,094 3,220 3,433 3,661 3,835 4,047 4,098 4,082 4,120 4,015 4,339 4,023 4,263 4,141 3,964 3,979 3,988 3,844 Male 2,079 2,352 2,391 2,452 2,549 2,611 2,733 2,634 2,554 2,445 2,315 2,461 2,240 2,265 2,087 1,993 1,962 1,912 1,749 Female 604 742 829 981 1,112 1,224 1,314 1,464 1,528 1,675 1,700 1,878 1,783 1,998 2,054 1,971 2,017 2,076 2,095 Citizens 2,458 2,812 2,928 3,128 3,231 3,461 3,722 3,724 3,676 3,728 3,630 3,935 3,600 3,799 3,662 3,487 3,426 3,352 3,232 Permanent residents 78 88 96 89 85 92 85 92 95 92 98 85 82 90 75 91 108 111 107 Temporary residents 121 150 140 157 165 214 183 167 152 161 152 173 151 182 190 179 185 180 194 Unknown 26 44 56 59 180 68 57 115 159 139 135 146 190 192 214 207 260 345 312 Minorities N/A N/A N/A 84 115 172 202 234 235 266 244 256 269 271 272 261 278 255 266 Postdoctoral training in U.S. Postdoctoral fellowship 150 156 144 149 128 151 205 214 246 225 278 284 232 283 262 279 297 289 289 Postdoctoral research 44 43 48 53 61 64 53 67 77 80 69 96 80 75 64 79 85 112 109 Postdoctoral traineeship 17 33 23 25 34 46 32 45 70 55 67 69 55 66 65 69 70 48 52 Other training 12 21 26 31 43 35 56 50 43 37 39 41 28 42 35 28 43 39 32 Total postdoctoral 223 253 241 258 266 296 346 376 436 397 453 490 395 466 426 455 495 488 482 Percent planning 11.4% 11.3% 10.8% 10.9% 11.1% 11.9% 13.4% 14.9% 18.0% 15.7% 17.8% 17.7% 16.3% 18.5% 17.5% 19.0% 20.1% 20.9% 20.4% Employment in U.S.

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From page 183...

... Postdoctoral fellowship 304 313 389 386 464 459 491 524 492 608 675 671 694 676 707 721 764 752 802 809 Postdoctoral research 73 96 94 93 97 113 107 122 123 132 129 142 155 132 158 166 155 184 194 204 Postdoctoral traineeship 69 69 45 54 45 55 59 50 39 49 34 55 41 47 56 27 23 11 25 19 Other training 33 25 31 30 44 34 28 47 15 21 56 30 38 30 33 93 96 106 89 93 Total Postdoctorates 479 503 559 563 650 661 685 743 669 810 894 898 928 885 954 1,007 1,038 1,053 1,110 1,125 Percent planning 20.1% 20.6% 22.6% 23.4% 26.6% 27.4% 29.8% 31.2% 29.7% 33.7% 36.0% 33.8% 36.1% 35.9% 38.7% 42.5% 43.1% 41.8% 45.5% 46.1% Employment in U.S. 1876 1902 1892 1810 1758 1717 1574 1601 1546 1553 1555 1713 1607 1548 1488 1336 1352 1444 1305 1296 other 32 37 19 31 39 36 38 40 40 38 34 46 37 31 24 24 18 21 25 19 Ph.D.

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From page 184...

... 2,680 2,603 3,216 3,718 3,938 4,627 4,632 5,390 9.8% 7.6% 8.2% 8.2% 7.6% 7.9% 7.2% 7.8% Government postdoctorates 22 15 53 49 88 85 22 51 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% Other sectors 3,760 5,700 6,582 7,780 8,259 8,500 9,382 10,719 13.7% 16.6% 16.8% 17.1% 16.0% 14.5% 14.5% 15.6% Doctorates w/ fed. research support 10,881 12,965 13,790 15,213 15,689 16,648 13,651 21,864 39.8% 37.7% 35.1% 33.4% 30.3% 28.5% 21.1% 31.8%

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From page 185...

... 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2006 Total employed in S&E 74,570 75,420 81,126 84,408 91,662 95,909 99,154 91,941 95,564 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 3,738 4,561 5,012 5,649 6,561 7,140 8,534 5,447 5,991 5.0% 6.0% 6.2% 6.7% 7.2% 7.4% 8.6% 5.9% 6.3% Citizens and permanent residents 73,054 73,534 79,280 82,526 89,186 93,155 98,725 91,263 94,811 98.0% 97.5% 97.7% 97.8% 97.3% 97.1% 99.6% 99.3% 99.2% Temporary residents 194 164 190 195 329 378 429 678 753 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.7% 0.8% Total academics 36,961 33,280 37,617 39,905 43,736 45,402 47,206 44,961 47,153 49.6% 44.1% 46.4% 47.3% 47.7% 47.3% 47.6% 48.9% 49.3% Faculty with rank appointments 30,239 26,852 29,402 30,787 32,941 33,837 34,491 34,352 35,862 40.6% 35.6% 36.2% 36.5% 35.9% 35.3% 34.8% 37.4% 37.5% Tenured faculty 20,041 18,201 19,858 20,720 22,266 22,032 22,196 21,226 20,824 26.9% 24.1% 24.5% 24.5% 24.3% 23.0% 22.4% 23.1% 21.8% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,379 5,400 5,956 5,991 6,032 6,364 6,510 6,713 7,684 7.2% 7.2% 7.3% 7.1% 6.6% 6.6% 6.6% 7.3% 8.0% Academic postdoctorates 993 416 534 1,329 1,641 1,458 1,543 1,064 1,868 1.3% 0.6% 0.7% 1.6% 1.8% 1.5% 1.6% 1.2% 2.0% Other academic appointments 5,729 6,012 7,681 7,789 9,154 10,136 11,194 10,853 10,576 7.7% 8.0% 9.5% 9.2% 10.0% 10.6% 11.3% 11.8% 11.1% Industry (non-postdoctorate)

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From page 186...

... 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 5 3 3 4 1 4 4 6 Other training 7 4 6 11 6 4 5 7 6 10 15 13 4 3 8 1 9 11 10 Total postdoctoral 26 27 44 46 38 40 38 60 48 66 66 69 61 43 72 53 66 80 82 Percent planning 15.5% 13.2% 23.8% 22.2% 17.4% 16.5% 20.4% 23.6% 20.6% 19.6% 17.0% 13.6% 18.6% 14.1% 16.8% 18.1% 17.5% Employment in U.S. 137 170 135 153 153 183 185 172 185 204 250 277 287 264 306 321 319 349 375 Other 5 8 6 8 8 7 7 3 2 10 5 6 11 10 10 3 7 13 11 Ph.D.

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From page 187...

... Postdoctoral fellowship 39 52 50 69 62 97 76 97 88 93 88 95 142 147 154 182 177 201 212 215 Postdoctoral research 21 35 23 34 27 21 37 39 47 38 38 38 45 45 57 55 56 70 88 102 Postdoctoral traineeship 4 6 2 10 5 5 6 4 6 6 12 12 6 11 18 9 12 6 7 12 Other training 10 13 10 15 14 9 10 14 7 8 29 17 14 10 21 27 30 33 13 15 Total postdoctoral 116 165 141 192 185 226 236 239 225 230 167 162 207 213 250 273 275 310 320 344 Percent planning 13% 20% 15% 19% 17% 19% 19% 19% 17% 16% 12% 11% 13% 19% 27% 29% 27% 29% 28% 30% Employment in U.S. 459 373 468 491 525 503 489 531 589 606 591 732 643 733 666 652 719 760 799 782 Other 8 9 11 9 12 11 11 18 17 26 12 17 15 31 19 12 11 15 13 17 Ph.D.

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From page 188...

... 383 491 462 446 527 585 689 745 14.3% 14.1% 12.3% 9.9% 9.9% 9.7% 9.6% 9.7% Government postdoctorates 5 9 8 11 35 34 14 8 0.2% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.7% 0.6% 0.2% 0.1% Other sectors 280 380 455 436 501 645 749 760 10.4% 10.9% 12.1% 9.7% 9.4% 10.7% 10.4% 9.9% Doctorates w/ fed. research support 1,416 1,804 1,836 2,041 2,179 2,416 2,307 3,275 52.8% 51.9% 49.0% 45.5% 41.0% 40.2% 32.1% 42.7%

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From page 189...

... 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2006 Total employed in S&E 8,991 9,251 10,748 11,996 14,069 15,268 17,180 16,550 19,750 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 533 614 766 899 1,113 1,357 1,497 1,057 1,330 5.9% 6.6% 7.1% 7.5% 7.9% 8.9% 8.7% 6.4% 6.7% Citizens and permanent residents 8,522 8,726 10,142 11,253 13,128 13,930 16,822 16,005 19,036 94.8% 94.3% 94.4% 93.8% 93.3% 91.2% 97.9% 96.7% 96.4% Temporary residents 72 65 175 58 194 335 358 545 714 0.8% 0.7% 1.6% 0.5% 1.4% 2.2% 2.1% 3.3% 3.6% Total academics 4,959 4,706 5,827 6,684 7,609 8,855 9,730 10,037 11,856 55.2% 50.9% 54.2% 55.7% 54.1% 58.0% 56.6% 60.6% 60.0% Faculty with rank appointments 4,371 4,077 5,084 5,705 6,325 7,374 8,124 8,536 10,084 48.6% 44.1% 47.3% 47.6% 45.0% 48.3% 47.3% 51.6% 51.1% Tenured faculty 2,191 1,890 2,341 2,770 3,081 3,507 3,647 3,629 3,989 24.4% 20.4% 21.8% 23.1% 21.9% 23.0% 21.2% 21.9% 20.2% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 1,337 1,426 1,784 1,988 1,878 2,138 2,384 2,505 3,371 14.9% 15.4% 16.6% 16.6% 13.3% 14.0% 13.9% 15.1% 17.1% Academic postdoctorates 152 116 144 342 416 324 321 349 516 1.7% 1.3% 1.3% 2.9% 3.0% 2.1% 1.9% 2.1% 2.6% Other academic appointments 436 513 599 637 868 1,157 1,285 1,313 1,514 4.8% 5.5% 5.6% 5.3% 6.2% 7.6% 7.5% 7.9% 7.7% Industry (non-postdoctorate)

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Key Terms

temporary residents

academic postdoctorates

academic appointments

rank appointments

postdoctoral research

percent planning

postdoctoral traineeship

postdoctoral fellowship

total postdoctoral

total postdoctorates

research support

government postdoctorates

industrial postdoctorates

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Appendix F: Characteristics of Doctorates Pages 177-190

Appendix F: Characteristics of Doctorates
Pages 177-190