Research Training in the Biomedical, Behavioral, and Clinical Research Sciences (2011) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
1 Context and Issues
1 Context and Issues
Pages 9-20
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From page 9... ...
program has provided pline of systems biology. traineeship and fellowship support at the predoctoral level for The behavioral and social sciences in recent years have about 40,000 graduate students in the biomedical, behavioral benefited from a tremendous leap in the sophistication of and social, and clinical sciences.
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From page 10... ...
2005. Advancing the Nation's Health Needs: NIH Research Training Programs.
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From page 11... ...
the MARC program by F31 fellowship awards. The full MSTP graduates receive training in a diverse set of fields, range of minority programs for graduate students and postincluding not only the biological sciences but also the chemi doctorates housed in NIGMS and other institutes is described cal and physical sciences, social and behavioral sciences, in detail in Chapters 4 and 5 of the 2003 National Research economics, epidemiology, public health, computer science, Council (NRC)
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From page 12... ...
Institutional training grants assure institutional ownership have grown over the past quarter of a century, the NRSA of, and responsibility for, the quality of trainees and their program has evolved to include new fields in the basic bio training programs as well as making available professional medical sciences, such as genome research and neuroscience, and career development services that may not otherwise be and has expanded to support training in such clinical sciences accessible to trainees on individual fellowships. In other as communication disorders, health services, primary care, words, in order to gain support for a training grant applicaoral health, and nursing.
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From page 13... ...
In summary, this means graduate student support is in the form of Research Assistant- that about half of the 6,641 trainees in 2008 and a little over ships funded directly by NIH research grants. half of the 1,537 fellows in 2008 should be counted as also TABLE 1-1 NRSA Trainees and Fellows, by Broad Field, 1975-2008 FY 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 Basic Biomedical Sciences Predoctoral Trainees (T32)
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Following graduation, NRSA predoctoral trainees and The relative distribution of trainee support between the fellows were more likely to move quickly into research biomedical sciences (70 percent) and all the other areas positions.
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study is flawed: The postdoctoral pool is radically different In assessing the needs for training support in the bio- from the predoctoral pool in that more than 50 percent of the medical, behavioral, and clinical sciences, it is important to postdoctorates are internationals and thus unable to become understand the role of NRSA awards. Although, as indicated NRSA trainees because of the citizenship restrictions.
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From page 16... ...
At the same time, however, recommenneed" for research personnel in the biomedical and behavioral dations for increasing the number of NRSA training grants sciences conducted by the NRC, and while the purpose of and fellowships in the behavioral and clinical sciences, oral these assessments was to provide NIH and the Congress with health, nursing, and health services research were not acted information that could be used to make budget decisions, the upon, prompting a congressional inquiry in the fiscal year manner in which the assessments should be conducted or the 1997 appropriations for the NIH. In explaining their actions scope of the investigation has been left to the discretion of to Congress, the NIH and the other agencies indicated that the NRC.
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From page 17... ...
The committee also encouraged in the Early Careers of Life Scientists, the NRC committee the AHCPR to focus its training funds on areas in which noted that the number of Ph.D.s awarded annually might researchers were reported to be in short supply, such as already be too high and called for prospective students to outcomes measurement, biostatistics, epidemiology, health be better informed about research careers. The committee economics, and health policy, and to set aside a number of urged the government to consider restricting the numbers institutional training grants for innovative research training of graduate students supported by research grants and to programs.
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From page 18... ...
The recomof doctorates, even if at a low level, would be much greater mendation also called for more flexibility in the managethan the need for researchers during the projection period. ment of K grants to allow for transition awards from senior This finding prompted the committee to recommend postdoctoral status to independent research positions and that degree production be maintained at current levels in all for awards to allow individuals to maintain research careers three broad fields.
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The committee debated how it could nevertheless social, and clinical sciences as they pertain to the research fulfill its charge and assist NIH in its decision making, and mission of the NIH. Individual chapters of this study report it concluded that in order to maintain the high standards of are devoted to these fields, and special attention was given to the programs and continue to attract the best students into the clinical fields of oral health, nursing, and health services research careers, it would go forward with its recommendaresearch, with the inclusion of separate chapters, as required tions to improve training programs but would prioritize the in the Statement of Task.
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From page 20... ...
Phasing it in over 4 years The committee had the option of putting forth recommenwould not have a significant impact on the budget. dations without prioritization, but it believed that guidance in Third, NIH should consider an increase in the indirect cost these difficult economic times would add to the weight and rate on NRSA training grants and K awards from 8 percent credibility of the recommendations.
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