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From page 327... ... See National Longitudinal family factors in, 4, 37, 178 Study of Adolescent Health goals for health monitoring system, 13, Administrative records, 69, 71, 74, 76, 251, 65, 94 289–325 insurance and, 37–38 Adult health status language proficiency and, 31 childhood determinants of, 28, 29, longitudinal research, 200 38–39, 40–41, 42, 43–44 measurement of disparities in, 58, 194 life-course perspective, 42 patterns and trends, 37–41 Adverse Childhood Experiences, 123–124 preventive and well-child care, 40b, 41b Affordable Care Act, 10–11, 38, 197, 198, in public health insurance programs, 248 137–138 Agency for Healthcare Research and racial and ethnic differences in, 114 Quality, 18, 55–56, 64, 73, 97, 143 Accessibility of data, 2, 19, 124, 126–127b, assessment of preventive services by, 197 176 in implementation of recommendations, Accidents. See Unintentional injury 187b, 193, 199, 200, 203, 204–205, Accountability 207 for community health, 52 Patient Safety Indicators, 320 data needs for, 151 327 Read the entire page →
From page 328... ... 328 INDEX C quality improvement efforts, 149–151, 154, 158–160t, 247 Cancer, 33, 55 work on quality indicators, 34b, 35b, Capacity to use and report data 146, 195–196, 257 challenges in, 58–59 American Academy of Pediatrics, 57, recent efforts to improve quality 113–114, 164 measurement, 161–162 American Community Survey, 88, 125, recommendations for improving, 6, 11, 167–168 12–14, 199, 201, 205–207 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, stepwise approach to data system 77, 145, 149, 261 improvement, 6, 183, 184 America's Children, 72, 110 support for states, 195, 207 America's Uninsured Crisis: Consequences technical support from federal agencies, for Health and Health Care, 37 35b Annie E Casey Foundation, 129 Care transitions Annual reports adolescent to adult, 163–164 current health monitoring system, 137, chronic disorders, 163 143, 149, 191, 324 life-course perspective for monitoring, recommendations for, 6, 8, 9, 188, 191, 162, 173 193 longitudinal studies of, 202 stepwise approach to data system measuring disparities in, 194 improvement, 6, 183–184 monitoring across multiple domains, Annual Social and Economic Supplement, 78 164–165 Anxiety disorders, 104 prenatal to pediatric, 162–163 Assuring Better Child Health and rationale for monitoring, 4, 179 Development, 165, 322–323 Case mix adjustment, 79–82 Asthma, 34, 35, 37, 39, 47, 58–59, 100, Census data, 69, 71 104, 105, 114, 136 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Asthma State Plan, 170–171 35b, 47, 85, 97, 104–105, 106, 107, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 41b, 199, 203, 251 100, 156 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 18, 148, 161–162 assessment of preventive services by, 197 B in implementation of recommendations, Behavioral disorders, 104, 157, 196–197 187b, 193, 199, 200, 203, 204–205 Behavioral health quality of care measurement, 34b, 35b, community factors, 46–47 135–136, 143, 146, 149, 151–154, current data collection, 105–106, 107, 248, 301–302 123 in state data collection efforts, 161–162 life-course perspective, 45–46 vaccine data, 310–311 online data collection, 126b Centers of Excellence, 150–151, 174 parent's knowledge of child's, 59 Child and Adolescent Health Measurement recommendations for measurement, 11, Initiative, 142, 165, 247, 294–295 198–199, 201 Child Health Improvement through screening, 157–161 Computer Automation, 169 See also Substance abuse Child Poverty in Perspective: An Overview Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Study, of Child Well-Being in Rich 123, 125, 126b Countries, 14, 16 Benchmarking, 56, 75, 148, 151, 161, 289, Children and adolescents, defined, 23–25, 290 75 Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule, 84 Breastfeeding, 45 Read the entire page →
From page 329... ... 329 INDEX Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth, 26, Costs 61, 72, 76, 95, 107, 108, 111, 122, of data collection, 71 141, 165, 179, 184, 206 data needs on, 53, 133 Children's Health Insurance Program, 16, health care financing, 147 183 health insurance coverage, 38 access to care, 137–138 hospital data, 97 Annual Reporting Template System, 324 of low health literacy, 60b coverage, 32b in quality of care measurement, data needs, 53 137–138, 141 data sets, 31, 117–118, 252, 253, 254, rationale for early intervention with 260, 291–292 complex health conditions, 135 definition of child, 75 special health care needs, 100 efforts to standardize data, 162 of standardization of data collection, 77 funding, 32b of unintentional injuries, 36 origins, 143 County Health Rankings, 129, 130, 131f outcomes data, 51–52 CPONDER, 126b purpose, 32b Criminal behavior, 46 quality of care measurement, 137, 143, Crossing the Quality Chasm, 33, 141, 144, 145–146, 151–153 245–246 resource allocation, 32b Current Population Survey, 78, 88, 125, See also Public health insurance 127b, 167–168 programs Cystic fibrosis, 33 Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act, 2, 9, 17, 32b, D 34b, 35b, 76–77, 93, 137, 143, 145–146, 149, 151, 248, 252, 253 DATA2010, 126b Children's Optimal Health, 171–172 Databases, 82–83 Child Well-Being Index, 190 Data collection Chronic disease conditions for accountability, 151 benefits of early intervention, 37 conceptual framework for, 27f, 59–63, care transitions, 163 63f, 65, 205 current data system, 100–103 criteria for developing high-quality functional status measurement, 35–36, systems, 53–54 108, 199 cross-cultural validity, 192 prevalence, 27–28, 100 electronic capture, 5, 182 quality of care assessments, 246–247 emerging technologies for, 184–185 See also Special health care needs, future prospects, 76–77, 84, 198 children with illustrative examples of challenges in, Clean water supply, 41b 85–88 Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment minimum basic data set, 64–65 Network, 318–319 rationale for improving, 53, 65 Commonwealth Fund, 144 stakeholder interests and, 52 Community Health Data Initiative, 89 terminology, 24b Consumer Assessment of Healthcare transparency in, 5, 11, 12, 124, 161, Providers and Systems, 75, 143, 150, 180, 202–204 192, 260 unique identifiers in, 11, 187b, 202, 204, Consumer Assessment of Health Plans, 252 292–293 See also Data sources; Existing data and Continuous improvement, 10, 16, 195, 196 data systems; Measures of health and health care; Quality of care measurement Read the entire page →
From page 330... ... 330 INDEX Data Resource Center for Child and data sources, 33, 113–114, 115–116 Adolescent Health, 126b infant health, 39 Data sources measurement challenges, 191 layering, 168, 171–172, 207 need for standardized measurement of, medical records, 248 8–9, 176, 191–192 needs of health care system, 50–51 oral health, 115 online, 126–127b in public health insurance programs, 138 recommendations for improving capacity race/ethnicity and, 31, 34, 58, 92, to use, 6, 11, 12–14, 199, 201, 113–115 205–207 recommendations for measurement of, recommendations for new, 10–11, 8–9, 193, 194 196–200 shortcomings of current data collection, See also Data collection; Existing data 3, 57–58, 77–79, 113–118, 176, 192 and data systems; Federal data sociodemographic patterns and, 31 collection and reporting systems; socioeconomic status as source of, 17, Integration of data sources 31, 58, 78 Data systems, 24b Donabedian model, 49, 61, 245–246 Defense Medical Surveillance System, 309–310 E Demographic data case mix adjustment, 79–80 Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and current data collection system, 4, 178, Treatment, 186b, 197 260 Eating disorders, 45 disparities in health and health care and, Educational achievement and attainment 31 current data collection system, 4, 178 goals for health and health care data health effects on, 39 collection, 94 health insurance and, 37 reference group criteria, 179–180 health outcomes of, 46 significance of, in health care research, in measurement of social determinants 92 of health, 199 smoking risk, 36 parental, 117 standardization issues, 136 study goals, 18–19 See also Educational achievement Electronic data capture, 5, 182 and attainment; Language spoken Electronic health information exchange, at home and parental language 76, 84 proficiency; Race/ethnicity Electronic health records Department of Veterans Affairs, 316–317 confidentiality concerns, 84 Diabetes, 40 current implementation, 84 Diet and nutrition, 105, 201 future prospects, 67, 76, 83, 84, 90, Difficult-to-measure indicators, 1–2, 13, 154 174, 182, 185 Difficult-to-reach populations, 1–2, 13, 154 legislative requirements, 146, 149, 154 Directory of Health and Human Services Emergency medicine, 36 Data Resources, 72 End-of-life conditions, 111–112 Disability, 28, 111 Engaging Privacy and Information See also Special health care needs, Technology in a Digital Age, 84 children with Evidence-Based Practice Center Program, Disability in America: Toward a National 195 Agenda for Prevention, 28 Existing data and data systems, 20–21 Disparities in health and health care delivery accessibility, 124, 126–127b, 176 case mix adjustment to study, 81–82 approach for evaluation of, 19–20, 95 current status, 30–33, 57 capacity to monitor trends, 56–57 Read the entire page →
From page 331... ... 331 INDEX F on childhood morbidity and mortality, 96–100 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, on chronic disease conditions, 100–103 181, 201 collection methods, 69–72, 70t, 179–182 Family structure and functioning development of annual reports from, 8, in measurement of social determinants 191 of health, 199 development of standardized measures rationale for measuring, 4, 178 based on, 8, 191 study goals, 18–19 efforts to integrate and aggregate See also Language spoken at home databases, 124–128, 128b and parental language proficiency; on end-of-life conditions, 111–112 Parents and caregivers on functional status of children and Federal data collection and reporting adolescents, 108–111 systems, 2, 72–73, 274–287t illustrative examples of challenges in benchmarking data, 161–162 using, 85–88 current shortcomings, 91 initial observations, 59–65 efforts to improve quality measurement, key findings, 67, 91–92, 137–138 145–154, 172, 183 life-course perspective in, 121, 123–124 jurisdictional issues, 168 limitations of, 1–2, 3, 4–5, 47–49, study goals, 18 55–59, 68, 74–85, 89, 90, 99–100, See also specific program or agency 102–103, 106–107, 110–111, Federal Interagency Forum on Child and 117–118, 120, 124, 125–128, Family Statistics, 72, 75, 168, 186b, 130–132, 135–136, 176–179, 191, 193, 200, 201, 303–304 198, 207–208 Federal Quality Workgroup of the CHIPRA linkage of population health indicators Steering Committee, 145 with public health interventions, Fetal programming, 121 129–130, 181 Financing of health care measurement of disparities in health pediatric care considerations in payment and health care, 3, 57–58, 77–79, reform, 147 113–118 quality improvement and, 147 on preventable common health Fluoridation, 41b conditions, 103–107 For the Public's Health: The Role of privacy and confidentiality concerns, Measurement in Action and 84–85 Accountability, 50, 168 range of indicators of child and Foundation for Accountability, 247 adolescent health, 55–56 Foundations of Lifelong Health Are Built in on social determinants of health, 51, Early Childhood, The, 43 118–120, 178 Functional status of children and standardization issues, 3, 74–76, adolescents, 7, 26, 28, 29, 55, 61, 176–177 95, 108–111, 132, 136, 173, 179, stepwise approach to improving, 6, 199 183–184, 185f Future Directions for the National timeliness of reporting, 124, 176 Healthcare Quality and Disparities See also Data collection; Data sources; Report, 161 Federal data collection and reporting Future of Public Health, The, 40–41b systems External Quality Review Organization, 300–301 G Geocode mapping, 168 Geographic positioning data, 13, 171–172 Read the entire page →
From page 332... ... 332 INDEX Goals for child and adolescent health care Health literacy quality costs of inadequate levels of, 60b current goal-setting efforts, 3, 190 current patterns, 60b to prioritize data needs, 63–64 as determinant of health and health care priority areas, 6–7, 43, 188–189, 190 outcomes, 60b recommendations for, 6–9, 183, measurement, 4, 60b 189–190 need for improved health education, 60b sources for, 188 parental, 59, 60b in stepwise approach to data system rationale for monitoring, 178–179 improvement, 6, 183, 185–188 Health Resources and Services Great Smoky Mountain Study, 73–74 Administration, 35b, 197, 203 Health status of children and adolescents adult health outcomes and, 28, 29 H assessment challenges, 27–28 in community context, 28–29, 46–47 HCUPnet, 126–127b defining, for high-quality data system, Health, United States, 51 53–54 Health and Human Services, 2, 43, 47, 72, definition and conceptual scope, 25–30, 150, 252 121, 165 core set of children's health care quality determinants of, 1, 4, 26–27, 27f, 61, measures, 14, 56, 150, 152–153b, 169–170, 178, 179 183, 206, 253 family factors, 4, 178 Federal Quality Workgroup of the goals for monitoring, 93–94 CHIPRA Steering Committee, 35b international comparison, 16–17, 34–35 grantee data, 313–314 life-course perspective, 7, 44–45 initial action agenda, 7 need for standardized definitions and national quality strategy and national measures of, 75–76 prevention strategy reports, 6, 8, 9, online data sources, 126–127b 148 patterns and trends, 33–37 recommendations for, 7–14, 186b, 188, perception of, by children and parents, 75 189–190, 193–194, 195, 197, 199, poverty effects, 136 201, 203, 206 prevalence of chronic conditions, 27–28, Universal Claims Database for Health 100 Research, 321 public health intervention outcomes, Health Care and Education Reconciliation 40–41b Act, 17, 93 See also Disparities in health and health Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, 96, care delivery; Goals for child and 97–98, 100, 196, 256–260, 257–259t adolescent health care quality; Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Measures of health and health care; Information Set, 74, 143, 150, Monitoring health status of children 156, 166, 247, 248, 251, 253–255, and adolescents 289–290, 291–292 Healthy People 2010/2020, 6, 26–27, 43, Healthcare Research and Quality Act, 149 45, 47, 51, 52, 126b, 129, 188, 190 Health Data Interactive, 51, 127b Healthy Start program, 197 Health Indicators Warehouse, 89 Heart disease, 39, 40 Health information technology, 7, 13, 14, Hospitals 35b, 83, 148, 174, 198 admissions data, 77, 97–98 Health Information Technology for childhood morbidity and mortality data, Economic and Clinical Health, 145, 97–99 149, 261 discharge data, 97, 256, 306–307 Health Insurance Portability and psychiatric follow-up, 156–157 Accountability Act, 83, 84, 181, 201 Read the entire page →
From page 333... ... 333 INDEX quality of care assessment, 81–82, Interagency Forum on Child and Family 256–260 Statistics, 190 utilization data, 97 International Classification of Diseases, 75, 76, 83–84 Interview data, 69, 71–72 I Immunizations, 37, 41b, 80, 310–311, J 319–320 Indexes, defined, 24b Joint Commission on Accreditation of Indian Health Service, 35b, 78 Healthcare Organizations, 247 Indicators, defined, 24b Infant mortality, 17, 34–35, 39, 92, 200 K Innovation, 152–153 Inpatient care data, 55 Kaiser Permanente, 97 Institute of Medicine, 245–246 Key National Indicators Initiative, 204–205 Insurance, health Kids Count, 129, 190 in adolescent to adult care transitions, Kids' Inpatient Database, 86, 97–99, 100 163–164 Kids Integrated Data Set, 171, 204 claims data, 97 current coverage, 37, 87–88 L current data system, 87–88, 101 databases, 167–168 Language spoken at home and parental as determinant of health care access, language proficiency 37–38 current data collection on, 77, 178 goals for health monitoring system, 94 effects on health and health care, 4, 31, sources of, 38 57–58 See also Children's Health Insurance goals for health monitoring system, 94 Program; Medicaid; Medicare; Public implications for surveys of child health health insurance programs and health care, 192 Integrated framework of health indicators, recommendations for measurement of 21, 89–90, 179–180, 205 disparities in health and health care Integration of data sources quality, 8–9, 193 birth and death record linkage, 98 Layering of data, 168, 171–172, 207 current efforts and capacity, 56, 59, 90, Leading Health Indicators for Healthy 124–130, 128b, 151, 181 People 2020, 42, 189 demonstration projects for, 207 Leukemia, 33 government jurisdictional issues, 168, Life-course approach, 4 188 conceptual basis, 42, 120–121, 162 illustrative examples of current current data collections with, 121, challenges, 85–88 123–124, 162 key resources, 256–262 determinants of health in, 42–43, 45–46, linkage of population health indicators 48f with public health interventions, illustrative examples, 43–45 129–130, 181 measurement of health, 95, 132 methods, 82–85 measurement of health functioning, opportunities for, 167–168, 180–181 121–123 rationale, 5, 180, 202, 205 measurement of preventive services recommendations for, 11–12, 201, 203 outcomes, 11 Title V requirements, 124–125 monitoring care transitions, 162–164 within-state initiatives, 168, 169, 171, policy implications of, 45–47 261–262 Read the entire page →
From page 334... ... 334 INDEX quality of care measurement, 141, 173 recommendations for new, 10–11, 190 rationale, 7, 42, 92, 95, 132, 173, recommendations for periodic review, 181–182 9–10, 194–196 recommendations for, 7, 8, 11, 188–190, research needs, 18–19 193, 197, 199 stepwise approach to improving, 6, in setting of health and health care 183–184, 185f goals, 7, 8 validity, 93, 184 trends in health research and practice, whole child approach, 4 43 See also Data collection; Data sources; Longitudinal data Federal data collection and reporting; current studies of children and youth, Monitoring health status of children 73–74 and adolescents; Quality of care rationale for collecting, 5, 12, 181–182, measurement; Standardization in 202 measurement recommendations for, 11, 200 Media exposure, 201 Low birth weight, 37, 39–41, 121 Medicaid, 2, 147 access to care, 137–138 administration, 32b M data collection system, 31, 76–77, 78, 85, 117–118, 135–136, 137, Managed care, 253, 254 161, 162, 204, 254, 260, 291–292, Maternal and Child Health Bureau, 32b, 312–313, 325 43, 45, 55, 75–76, 86, 251–252 data needs, 53 Measures of health and health care definition of child, 75 for accountability assessment, 141, 151 distribution of expenditures, 32b case mix adjustment, 79–82 eligibility system data, 314–315 Children's Health Insurance Program enrollment patterns, 32b Reauthorization Act requirements, outcomes data, 51–52 34b, 35b purpose, 32b core set, 14, 64, 149–150, 155–156, 206 quality of care measurement, 34b, 137, current system, 1, 3, 4, 8, 21, 130–132, 143, 151–153 177–179 in stepwise approach to improving definition, 24b health care data system, 183 developmental status, 122 See also Insurance, health; Public health four D's of pediatric medicine, 142 insurance programs functional status, 136, 179 Medicaid and CHIP Payment Access goals for, 51–53, 93–94, 133, 135, 184 Commission, 34b, 145 health functioning measurements, Medicaid Statistical Information System, 121–123 192, 204, 251, 252–253, 311–312 integrated framework for, 21, 179–180 Medicaid Transformation Grant, 76–77 life-course perspective for, 95, 132 Medical data registries, 83 methodology for evaluating, 95 Medical Expenditure Panel Study, 85, 88, minimum basic data set, 64 96, 97, 98, 167–168 need for coordinated approach to Medical home concept, 29, 37, 119, 147 integrate, 89–90 Medical Homes Practice Measures, 295–296 for preventive services assessment, 136, Medicare, 147, 261, 312–313 140–141 See also Public health insurance priority areas, 7, 43, 63–64, 95, 132, programs 188–189, 190 Medicare Hospital Compare, 290–291 process measures, 51, 141 Medstat Marketscan, 97 psychological functioning, 93 rationale for improving, 1, 16, 65, 92 Read the entire page →
From page 335... ... 335 INDEX N Mental health assessment technology, 93 National Advisory Council Subcommittee coordination of care, 157 on Children's Healthcare Quality developmental screening, 41b Measures for Medicaid and Child hospital admissions, 98 Health Insurance Programs, life-course approach to health care, 45 149–150, 155–156 longitudinal studies of youth, 73–74 See also Subcommittee of the National prevalence of disorders, 36, 104, 156, Advisory Committee 196–197 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, psychiatric hospital follow-up, 156–157 127b, 307–308 quality of care, 156–161 National Center for Education Statistics, racial and ethnic differences, 114–115 125 recommendations for measurement, 11, National Center for Health Statistics, 36, 194, 197 97, 99–100, 104, 112, 126b, 127b, screening, 157–161 203, 256, 305–306 shortcomings of current data system, National Children's Study, 73, 119–120 55–56, 154 National Committee for Quality Assurance, MEPSnet/HC, 127b 74, 142, 164, 247, 253, 289 Monitoring health status of children and National Death Index, 102 adolescents National Health and Nutrition Examination approach to assessing current system of, Survey, 36, 104, 105, 106, 107, 109, 19–20 127b, 168 capacity to monitor trends, 56–57, 94 National Health Care Quality Strategy, in care transitions, 4, 162–164, 173, 179 147–148 challenges in, 27–28, 89–90 National Health Care Survey, 127b conceptual framework for, 27f, 59–63, National Health Information Network, 63f, 65, 205 204–205 current shortcomings, 1, 3, 47–49, National Health Information Survey, 251 54–58, 67, 91, 175–176 National Health Interview Survey, 24b, 36, goals, 53, 93–94 88, 100, 102, 104, 107, 109, 110, historical and conceptual evolution, 92–93 127b, 167–168, 256 rationale, 1, 15–16, 67–68, 175 National Home and Hospice Care Survey, responsibility for, 206–207 112, 127b sentinel measures of quality of care, 156 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical study goals, 17–19 Care Survey, 127b, 308–309 See also Data collection; Measures of National Hospital Discharge Survey, 127b, health and health care; Screening 306–307 Mood disorders, 104. See Behavioral health National Immunization Survey, 24b, 127b Mortality patterns and trends, 33 National Information Center on Health from accidental injury, 36 Services Research and Health Care among children and adolescents, 111–112 Technology, 72 birth and death record linkage, 98 National Initiative for Children's Healthcare childhood obesity and, 39 Quality, 142, 247, 248 current data sources, 96–100 National Institute of Mental Health, 36 infant, 17, 34–35, 200 National Institute on Alcoholism and leading causes of death, 96, 96b Alcohol Abuse, 107 public health intervention outcomes, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 107 40–41b National Institutes of Health, 111 quality of care measurement, 141 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent racial and ethnic differences, 114, 115 Health, 73–74, 109–110, 123 Multi-State Foster Care Data Archive, 204 Read the entire page →
From page 336... ... , 17, 93, 145, 147–149. See National Survey of Family Growth, Affordable Care Act 104–105, 106, 107 Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement National Vital Statistics System, 96, 98, Information System, 111 125, 127b, 153 Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Neighborhood and community health Act, 84 accountability issues, 52 Payment for health care health care in community context, data collection challenges, 77 28–29, 46–47, 78 value-based approaches, 198 measurement of social determinants of Pediatric ACO Demonstration project, 147 health, 199, 200 Pediatric Data Quality System Collaborative National Prevention and Health Measure Working Group, 247 Promotion Strategy, 148 Pediatric Quality Measures Program, 156 place-based measurement, 179 Performance Measurement: Accelerating as source of health status disparities in Improvement, 163, 179 the United States, 58 Personal health records, 83, 90 See also Social determinants of health Physician Quality Reporting Initiative, 261, Neonatal intensive care, 55 297–299 Newborn screening, 13 Place-based measures, 13, 179, 205 Nursing Home Survey, 112 Population-based data collection, 69–70, 71 Population health efforts current data sets for, 20, 31, 50–51, O 72–73, 190, 251, 274–287t Obesity, 35, 39, 44, 45, 104, 105, 108 data needs, 52 Office of the National Coordinator for linkage among data sets for, 5, 6, 13, 31, Health Information Technology, 35b 52 Oral health, 104, 115, 194, 196 linkage with public health intervention recommendations for measurement, 11, data, 129–130, 181 197 opportunities for improved data Out-of-home care, children in, 113 collection, 201 Read the entire page →
From page 337... ... 337 INDEX quality of care measurement, 139–140, rationale, 10 251–252 recommendations for data collection, using metrics to drive improvement in, 10–11, 13, 194, 196–198 51–53 sentinel measures of quality of care, 156 Population patterns and trends See also Immunizations; Screening age, 30 Privacy and confidentiality issues, 5, 12, health status, 35–36, 39 84–85, 181, 182, 203, 204 insurance coverage, 37 Private sector race/ethnicity, 9, 30, 192 collaboration on core set of standardized See also Demographic data measures, 64 Post-Licensure Rapid Immunization Safety development of quality measures in, Monitoring, 315–316 135b Poverty incentives for health care quality implications for health, 136 measurement, 172, 182 measurement challenges, 78 initiatives to advance quality of care and patterns and trends, 8–9, 16, 30, 31–33, quality measurement, 245–248 78, 136 insurance coverage, 38 See also Social determinants of health role in quality improvement in health Pregnancy care, 147, 148, 198 adolescent, 45, 46, 98 Promoting Health Development Survey, birth and death record linkage, 98 165–166 current data collection, 104 Protective factors, 121–123 linking prenatal care data with pediatric Public health insurance programs records, 162–163 application forms data, 260 measurement of disparities in prenatal data needs, 52, 53 care, 194 enrollment patterns and trends, 9, 16, Vaccines and Medications in Pregnancy 31, 38 Surveillance System, 319–320 goals for health data collection, 133 Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring historical development, 143 System, 104, 106, 126b outcomes data, 51–52 Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal Data quality of care measurement and System, 169 reporting, 137, 143 President's Advisory Commission on See also Children's Health Insurance Consumer Protection and Quality in Program Reauthorization Act; the Healthcare Industry, 54 Medicaid; Medicare Preterm births, 39–41 Public health interventions, 40–41b Preventable common health conditions current data system, 103–107 Q trends, 104 Preventive services Quality Improvement System for Managed adolescent pregnancy, 45 Care, 299–300 current utilization, 40b Quality of care defining, for high-quality data system, access and utilization issues in, 50, 54 61–62 gaps in current measurement, 3 Centers of Excellence demonstration insurance as determinant of access to, 37 projects, 150–151 measurement challenges, 136, 140–141 in conceptual framework of National Prevention and Health determinants of children's health, Promotion Strategy, 148 61–62, 63f quality of care measurement, 165–166, defining essential services for evaluation 177 of, 54 Read the entire page →
From page 338... ... 338 INDEX demonstration grants, 145 mental health and substance abuse goal setting, 6–7, 8, 183 measures, 156–161 language barriers to, 57–58 opportunities for improving, 4, 5, 12, measurement of. See Quality of care 14, 16, 173–174 measurement optimal features, 141–142 mental health services, 156–161 periodic review of, 9–10, 194–195 national strategy, 147–148 in preventive services, 11, 165–166, opportunities to improve, 158–160t, 173 172–173, 177 private sector initiatives, 245–248 priority areas, 6–7, 10, 188–189 in public health insurance programs, in private care settings, 198 137–138 private sector initiatives, 245–248 recommendations for annual report on, in public health insurance programs, 9, 193 137, 143 social determinants of, 11, 173, purpose of, 139–140, 175 198–199, 201 recent efforts to improve, 34–35b, stepwise approach to data system 145–154, 173, 182–183, 195–196 improvement, 6, 183–184, 185f safety measures, 144 See also Disparities in health and health salient issues, 138–139 care delivery scope of, 49–50, 144 Quality of care measurement sentinel measures, 156 across multiple domains, 164–165 shortcoming of current system, 1, 3, age group specificity, 144 8, 31, 54–55, 135–136, 142, 144, aspirational measures, 155 172–174, 183 in care transitions, 162–164 stakeholder objectives in, 140 challenges, 49, 136, 182 structure and process considerations in, conceptual approach to, 49 50, 141 continuous improvement, 196 study goals, 2, 17, 18, 20 core set of measures, 10, 14, 34b, validity of measures, 155, 183 149–150, 151, 152–153b, 155–156, 183, 196, 206 R data needs, 15–16, 52, 173–174 data sources, 50, 251–262 Race/ethnicity effectiveness measures, 137, 138b access to care in public health insurance feasibility criterion for evaluation of programs, 138 measures, 155 case mix adjustment for data analysis of, goals of, 10, 12–13, 161, 184 81, 82 government jurisdictional issues, 168 current data collection system, 4, 57, grounded measures, 155 77–78, 117–118, 178, 192, 260 impediments to development of, goals for health monitoring system, 94 140–141 health and health care disparities and, importance criterion for evaluation of 31, 34, 58, 92b, 113–115 measures, 155–156 health insurance coverage and, 38, 192 initial efforts to develop, 142–144 mortality patterns, 114 integration of data with other health need for improved data collection, system data, 52 78–79, 154, 178, 192–193 intermediate measures, 155 population trends, 9, 30, 192 key findings, 135–136 preventive care utilization and, 40b life-course perspective in, 42–43, 141, recommendations for measurement of 173 disparities in health and health care, medical home concept and, 29 8–9, 193 RAND Corporation, 248 Read the entire page →
From page 339... ... 339 INDEX Real Time Immunization Monitoring Sexual and reproductive health, 45, 46, 47, System, 317–318 105. See also Pregnancy; Sexually Recommendations, 21 transmitted infections for annual reporting of child and Sexually transmitted infections, 45, 105, adolescent health and health care 197 quality, 9, 193 Smart targeting, 204–205 for development of standardized Smoking, 36–37, 47, 105–106 measures to reduce health and health Social determinants of health care quality disparities, 8–9, 193 in conceptual framework of children's implementation actions for, 186–187b, health, 26–27, 27f, 61 193–194, 197–198, 199–200, 201, in county health ranking model, 203–205, 207–208 169–170 to improve capacity to link data sources, current data collection system, 4, 51, 11, 201, 203, 205–207 118–120, 178 to improve data collection and reporting, gaps in monitoring, 3, 4, 57, 178 11, 199, 200, 202–205 life-course perspective, 45–47 for interagency collaborations, 11, 199 as priority area for data collection, 7, for new measures and data sources, 95, 188–189 10–11, 190, 196–200 recommendations for measurement, 11, for periodic review of health and 198–199, 201 health care quality measures, 9–10, study goals, 18–19 194–196 Social Security Act, 124–125 for setting goals for child and adolescent Socioeconomic status health, 6–8, 189–190 case mix adjustment for data analysis of, stepwise approach to implementation, 6, 81–82 183–184, 185f childhood health as factor in, 39 Reference groups, 5, 13, 179–180 costs for families with special health care Reporting of health and health care quality needs child, 29 findings current data collection system, 4, 78, 90, accessibility issues, 124, 126–127b 113, 115–116, 117, 178 confidentiality issues, 84–85 goals for health monitoring system, 94 public health insurance program health insurance coverage and, 38 requirements, 137, 143 measurement challenges, 78 recommendations for, 9, 193 in measurement of social determinants study goals, 18 of health, 199, 200 timeliness, 124 preventive care utilization and, 40b Title V requirements, 124–125 quality of care measurement, 173 See also Annual reports recommendations for measurement of Respondent-based data, 69, 71 disparities in health and health care Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 129, quality, 8–9, 192, 193 130 reference group criteria, 179–180 significance of, in health outcomes, 92 as source of health status disparities in S the United States, 17, 31, 58, 78 See also Poverty Samples, population, 69 Special health care needs, children with Screening, 165, 197 access to care in public health insurance developmental, 41b programs, 138 mental health, 157–161 costs for families of, 29 newborn, 13 current data collection system, 55, 101 Service-based data collection, 70, 74 definition, 55 Read the entire page →
From page 340... ... See also State Survey, 86, 101, 102–103, 104. See and Local Area Integrated Telephone also Telephone surveys Survey State Children's Health Insurance Program, Timeliness of data, 11–12, 124, 176, 203 32b, 143, 254 Title V program, 101, 124–125 States To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health capacity to integrate data from, 75 System, 245 capacity to integrate data within, Transparency in data collection, 5, 11, 12, 261–262 124, 161, 180, 202–204 confidentiality of medical data, 85 data sets for studying disparities in health and health care, 117–118 Read the entire page →
From page 341... ... 341 INDEX U W Underserved populations, 5, 10, 48–49, 151 Well-child services, 37, 38, 40b, 150, 152b, 161, 165, 166, 167b Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, 57 Wellpoint/HealthCore, 97 UNICEF, 15, 16 When Children Die, 112 Unintentional injury, 36, 96, 98, 127 WISQARS™, 127b Unique identifiers, 11, 187b, 202, 204, 252 World Health Organization, 25, 28, 111 V Y Vaccines. See Immunizations Young Adult Health Care Survey, 165 Vaccines and Medications in Pregnancy Youth Online, 127 Surveillance System, 319–320 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, Vulnerable populations 105, 106, 107, 119, 127 current data sources, 4, 179 goals for health monitoring system, 10, 94, 199 quality of care assessments, 173 Read the entire page →

From page 327...

... See National Longitudinal family factors in, 4, 37, 178 Study of Adolescent Health goals for health monitoring system, 13, Administrative records, 69, 71, 74, 76, 251, 65, 94 289–325 insurance and, 37–38 Adult health status language proficiency and, 31 childhood determinants of, 28, 29, longitudinal research, 200 38–39, 40–41, 42, 43–44 measurement of disparities in, 58, 194 life-course perspective, 42 patterns and trends, 37–41 Adverse Childhood Experiences, 123–124 preventive and well-child care, 40b, 41b Affordable Care Act, 10–11, 38, 197, 198, in public health insurance programs, 248 137–138 Agency for Healthcare Research and racial and ethnic differences in, 114 Quality, 18, 55–56, 64, 73, 97, 143 Accessibility of data, 2, 19, 124, 126–127b, assessment of preventive services by, 197 176 in implementation of recommendations, Accidents. See Unintentional injury 187b, 193, 199, 200, 203, 204–205, Accountability 207 for community health, 52 Patient Safety Indicators, 320 data needs for, 151 327

Index Pages 327-342

Index
Pages 327-342