National Earthquake Resilience Research, Implementation, and Outreach (2011) / Chapter Skim
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5 Conclusions - Achieving Earthquake Resilience
5 Conclusions - Achieving Earthquake Resilience
Pages 183-190
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From page 183... ...
In the United States, the landmark study of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake (Lawson, 1908) furthered the elastic rebound hypothesis, whereby accumulated strain energy is released suddenly by fault slip, and demonstrated the vulnerability of structure built on soft sediments.
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From page 184... ...
With these considerations in mind, the committee recommends that NEHRP adopt the following working definition for "national earthquake resilience": A disaster-resilient nation is one in which its communities, through mitigation and pre-disaster preparation, develop the adaptive capacity to maintain important community functions and recover quickly when major disasters occur. No standard metric exists for measuring disaster resilience, and it is clear that standardized methods would be helpful for gauging improve ments in resilience as a result of disaster risk reduction planning and mitigation.
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From page 185... ...
The committee endorses the elements of the strategic plan -- the goals and objectives -- and embraces the integrated, comprehensive, and collab orative approach among the NEHRP agencies reflected in the plan. The committee set out to build on the Strategic Plan by specifying focused activities that would further implementation of the plan.
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From page 186... ...
Integrate science, engineering, and social science information in an advanced GISbased loss estimation platform to improve earthquake risk assessments and loss estimations; 5-year annualized cost of $5 million/year, for a total 20-year cost of $100 million.
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From page 187... ...
Integrate knowledge gained in Tasks 1, 13, 14, and 16 to enable robust, fully coupled simulations of fault rupture, seismic wave propagation through bedrock, and soil-structure response, to compute reliable estimates of financial loss, business interruption, and casualties; 5-year annu alized cost of $6 million/year, for a total 20-year cost of $120 million.
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From page 188... ...
For example, the component to develop reliable tools for collapse computations within Task 13 includes scoping studies, a workshop, and development of a work-plan in year 3 that would be followed by experimentation using NEES facilities on critical components of framing systems in years 4-7, experimentation using NEES facilities and E-Defense on multiple framing systems to collapse in years 6-10, and concurrent development of improved hysteretic models of structural components through failure in years 4-20, understanding of the triggers for collapse of framing systems in years 6-10, improved systemlevel collapse computations and FE codes in years 6-15, validation of improved computational procedures using NEES facilities and E-Defense in years 11-20, as well as 5-yearly syntheses of results and preparation of technical briefs. Earthquake Resilience and Agency Coordination It is important to recognize that the four NEHRP agencies, although comprising a critical core group for building earthquake knowledge, con stitutes only part of the national research and application enterprise.
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From page 189... ...
For example, maps of active faults, unstable ground, and historic seismicity can influence where people choose to live, and maps of relative ground shaking can guide building design. NEHRP will have accomplished its fundamental purpose -- an earthquake-resilient nation -- when those responsible for earthquake risk and for managing the consequences of earthquake events use the knowledge and services created by NEHRP and other related endeavors to make our communities more earthquake resilient.
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From page 190... ...
This diffusion role reflects the limited authority that resides with federal agencies in addressing the earthquake threat. Local and state governments have responsibility for public safety and welfare, including powers to regulate land use to avoid hazards, enforce building codes, provide warnings to threatened communities, and respond to an event.
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